OpenCyc HomepagePredicate Types

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#$NoteAboutPredicateCategories   note about predicate categories    **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
Predicates in Cyc are organized into collections. While some, like #$BinaryPredicate, are logically well-founded and are referenced in axioms and in the code which implements Cyc, others, though based on some intuitively plausible criteria, are involved in few (if any) axioms and are therefore not integral to Cyc's ontology. Collections which fall into the latter class are generally under review at this time and are flagged with this #$sharedNotes.
guid: bf8a0b3b-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$Individual
#$RelationshipType   types of relationship
A collection of collections. Each instance of #$RelationshipType is a collection of #$Relations. The relations in a given relationship-type represented in the Knowledge Base are typically those sharing some common feature(s) -- often having to do with what kinds of things the relations relate (see e.g. #$argIsa and #$argGenls) -- considered significant enough that the collection of all such relations is useful to reify. Although what constitutes a significant common feature is difficult to specify precisely, there are many clear-cut cases. Examples include #$UnaryFunction, #$LogicalConnective, #$IndividualDenotingFunction, #$GenericTimePredicate, and #$LanguageDescribingPredicate. Two important specializations of #$RelationshipType are #$PredicateCategory and #$FunctionCategory.
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direct instance of: #$SecondOrderCollection
direct specialization of: #$FirstOrderCollection  
direct generalization of: #$FunctionCategory #$RelationshipTypeByArity #$InterconvertibleUnitType #$PredicateCategory
#$PredicateCategory   predicate category
A collection of collections, and a specialization of #$RelationshipType. Each instance of #$PredicateCategory is a collection of #$Predicates. The predicates in a given predicate category represented in the Knowledge Base are typically those sharing some common feature(s) considered significant enough that the collection of all such predicates is useful to reify. Although what constitutes a significant common feature is difficult to specify precisely, there are many clear-cut cases. Instances of #$PredicateCategory include #$TemporalPartSlot, #$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot, #$FunctionalSlot, #$InterActorSlot, #$TransitiveBinaryPredicate, and #$PropositionalAttitudeSlot. See also the comment on #$Predicate.
guid: bd5888fe-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$SecondOrderCollection
direct specialization of: #$RelationshipType  
#$ObjectPredicate   extensional representation predicates
A collection of predicates that are used to ascribe characteristics or properties (taken in a very broad sense) to individual objects. As such, each instance of #$ObjectPredicate has an #$arity of 2 or greater and has at least one argument place (often including the first) constrained (see #$argIsa) to instances of #$Individual or some subcollection thereof. Examples include #$likesAsFriend, #$connectedTo, and #$arg3Isa. See also #$CollectionPredicate.
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direct instance of: #$PredicateCategory
direct specialization of: #$Predicate  
direct generalization of: #$PhysicalAttributeDescriptionSlot #$InterActorSlot #$InterExistingObjectSlot #$TemporalRelation #$PartPredicate #$ShapeDescribingPredicate #$AgentPredicate #$BinaryRolePredicate #$CotemporalPredicate #$TangibleObjectPredicate #$IntangibleObjectPredicate
#$CollectionPredicate   intensional representation predicate
A collection of predicates used to relate collections to other things and thereby ascribe characteristics or properties (taken in a broad sense) either to the collections themselves or to each of the instances of those collections. As such, each instance of #$CollectionPredicate has an #$arity (q.v.) of 2 or greater and has at least one argument place (often including the first, or arg1 , place) constrained to instances (see #$argIsa) of either #$Collection or some specialization of #$Collection. For example, #$hasDepartmentTypes is a collection-predicate that relates a given organization to a type (i.e. collection) of departments such that the former has an instance of the latter as a suborganization; the relevant argument constraint here is (#$arg2Isa #$hasDepartmentTypes #$ExistingObjectType), and #$ExistingObjectType is a specialization of #$Collection. Other instances of #$CollectionPredicate include #$granuleOfTemporalStuff, #$objectTypeTransported, and #$contraryFeelings. See also #$ObjectPredicate.
guid: bd58b54a-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$PredicateCategory
direct specialization of: #$Predicate  
#$BookkeepingPredicate   bookkeeping predicates    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
A collection of predicates used to make assertions about the creation and internal representation of particular CycL constants in the Cyc system. Bookkeeping predicates neither specify nor constrain the semantics of CycL constants. Examples include #$myCreator, #$myCreationTime, #$termOfUnit, #$multiplicationUnits, and #$defnSufficient.
guid: bd5880ef-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$PredicateCategory
direct specialization of: #$Predicate  
direct generalization of: #$InferenceRelatedBookkeepingPredicate
#$InferenceRelatedBookkeepingPredicate   inference related bookkeeping predicate    **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
A collection of predicates. Each instance of #$InferenceRelatedBookkeepingPredicate is a predicate involved in assertions used by the Cyc application to direct inferencing. Examples: #$defnIff, #$defnSufficient, #$termOfUnit, #$afterAdding.
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direct instance of: #$PredicateCategory
direct specialization of: #$BookkeepingPredicate  
#$MetaRelation   meta relation
A subcollection of #$Predicate. Instances of #$MetaRelation are used to make definitional (e.g. arity or argument-constraint) assertions about relations. As such, each instance of #$MetaRelation has (at least) one of its own argument-places (usually, but not always, the first or arg1 ) type-constrained to instances of #$Relation (or some subcollection thereof). Note that all meta-relations are themselves _predicates_ (as opposed to functions or other non-predicate relations); the collection #$MetaRelation is so-named because its instances (unlike those of its specialization #$MetaPredicate) may admit non-predicate relations as arguments.
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direct instance of: #$PredicateCategory
direct specialization of: #$IntangibleObjectPredicate  
direct generalization of: #$ArgConstraintPredicate #$MetaPredicate
#$MetaPredicate   meta-predicates
A subcollection of #$MetaRelation (q.v.). Instances of #$MetaPredicate are used to make definitional (e.g. argument-type constraint or generalization) assertions about predicates (and only predicates). As such, instances of #$MetaPredicate have (at least) one of their own argument-places (usually, but not always, the first or arg1 ) constrained to be instances of #$Predicate (or some subcollection thereof).
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direct instance of: #$PredicateCategory
direct specialization of: #$MetaRelation  
direct generalization of: #$TransitiveViaArgPredicate #$ArgFormatPredicate #$TaxonomicSlotForPredicates
#$MetaKnowledgePredicate   metaknowledge predicates
A collection of predicates, each instance of which is used to state things about the Cyc system or the CycL language itself -- usually about a particular reified constant or assertion in the Knowledge Base. Examples include #$myCreator, #$cyclistNotes, #$sharedNotes, #$salientAssertions, and #$assertionConclusionActionType.
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direct instance of: #$PredicateCategory
direct specialization of: #$PossibleDefinitionalPredicate  
direct generalization of: #$MetaLanguagePredicate #$ExceptionRelation #$DistributingMetaKnowledgePredicate #$KEFacilitationPredicate
#$TypePredicate   type predicate    **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
A collection of predicates. Each instance of #$TypePredicate is a predicate used in asserting relations between #$Collections, or between #$Individuals and #$Collections, which in turn imply further assertions involving instances of the #$Collections. Example instances: #$primaryActivityType, #$insuredEventTypes, #$anatomicalPartTypeAffected, #$frequencyOfActionType, #$objectTypesCollected.
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direct instance of: #$PredicateCategory
direct specialization of: #$Predicate  
#$DefaultMonotonicPredicate   default monotonic predicate    **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
A collection of predicates. Each instance of #$DefaultMonotonicPredicate is a predicate whose use as the predicate of a locally asserted ground formula causes that formula to be entered, by default, as :MONOTONIC. Examples: #$isa, #$genls, #$disjointWith, #$equals, #$arity, #$arg1Isa.
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direct instance of: #$PredicateCategory
direct specialization of: #$Predicate  
#$ConnectionPredicate   connection predicate    **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
A collection of predicates. Each instance of #$ConnectionPredicate is a predicate that specifies physical connections between objects. Examples: #$nailedTo, #$rivetedTo, #$connectedTo-Rigidly, #$rotationallyConnectedTo, #$hangsFrom, and #$in-Embedded.
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direct instance of: #$PredicateCategory
direct specialization of: #$CotemporalPredicate  
#$ProcessPredicate   process predicate    **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
A collection of predicates. Each element of #$ProcessPredicate is a predicate used in assertions that describe processes. For example, #$amountOfEnergyUsed, #$signalState, #$toPossessor, #$primaryActivityType, #$exports, #$monetaryValue.
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direct instance of: #$PredicateCategory
direct specialization of: #$ObjectPredicate  
#$InterExistingObjectSlot   inter existing object slot
A specialization of both #$BinaryPredicate and #$ObjectPredicate. Each instance of #$InterExistingObjectSlot is a binary predicate used in assertions that relate two instances of #$SomethingExisting; consequently, both the #$arg1Isa and the #$arg2Isa of an instance of #$InterExistingObjectSlot must be specializations of #$SomethingExisting. Instances of #$InterExistingObjectSlot include #$derivedFrom, #$cohabitants, #$capitalCity, and #$electricallyConnectedTo.
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direct instance of: #$PredicateCategory
direct specialization of: #$BinaryPredicate  #$ObjectPredicate  
direct generalization of: #$InterPersonalRelationSlot
#$InterActorSlot   inter actor slot    **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
A specialization of #$BinaryPredicate. Each instance of #$InterActorSlot is a binary predicate that relates two individuals who are participants in some particular event. For example, #$authorOfPublication-IBT is an instance of #$InterActorSlot, since (#$authorOfPublication-IBT X Y) implies the existence of a #$Writing event in which X is the author and Y is the book written. Other examples of #$InterActorSlot are #$agreeingAgents, #$artisticWorksCreated, #$spouse, and #$wornOn.
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direct instance of: #$PredicateCategory
direct specialization of: #$ObjectPredicate  #$BinaryPredicate  
#$TemporalPartSlot   temporal part slots    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
A collection of predicates that are used to relate an instance of #$TemporalThing (q.v.) to its temporal parts or components. Each instance of #$TemporalPartSlot has an arity of 2, and both argument places are constrained (see #$argIsa) to instances of #$TemporalThing, or some subcollection thereof. Each instance of #$TemporalPartSlot is a specialization of the predicate #$temporallySubsumes (q.v.); consequently, for each instance PRED of #$TemporalPartSlot, either (#$genlPreds PRED #$temporallySubsumes) or (#$genlInverse PRED #$temporallySubsumes) holds.
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direct instance of: #$PredicateCategory
direct specialization of: #$NonPhysicalPartPredicate  
direct generalization of: #$SubEventSlot
#$IntangibleObjectPredicate   intangible object predicate
A collection of predicates used to ascribe properties to intangible objects. As such, each instance of #$IntangibleObjectPredicate has at least one argument place (quite often including the first) constrained to accept only instances of #$IntangibleIndividual or some subcollection thereof. Examples include #$arg3Isa and #$religionOfRule.
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direct instance of: #$PredicateCategory
direct specialization of: #$ObjectPredicate  
direct generalization of: #$IntangibleObjectRelatingPredicate #$NonPhysicalPartPredicate #$MetaRelation
#$TangibleObjectPredicate   tangible object predicate
A collection of predicates that are used to ascribe characteristics or properties (taken in a very broad sense) to tangible objects. As such, each instance of #$TangibleObjectPredicate has an #$arity of 2 or greater and has at least one argument place (often including the first) constrained (see #$argIsa) to instances of #$PartiallyTangible or some subcollection thereof. Examples include #$viscosityOfSubstance, #$objectHasColor, #$porosityOfObject, and #$physicalBuild.
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direct instance of: #$PredicateCategory
direct specialization of: #$ObjectPredicate  
direct generalization of: #$TangibleSubstancePredicate
#$TangibleSubstancePredicate   tangible substance predicate    **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
A specialization of #$TangibleObjectPredicate. Each instance of #$TangibleSubstancePredicate is a predicate that is used to specify or describe the properties (usually physical properties) of tangible substances. Instances of #$TangibleSubstancePredicate include #$stateOfMatter, #$freezingPoint, #$physicalStructuralIntegrity, and #$solubleIn.
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direct instance of: #$PredicateCategory
direct specialization of: #$TangibleObjectPredicate  
#$PhysicalAmountSlot   measures (physical attribute description slot)
An instance of #$PredicateCategory, and a specialization of #$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot. Each instance of #$PhysicalAmountSlot is a binary predicate used to relate a spatial thing (i.e., an instance of some specialization of #$SpatialThing) to one of its quantifiable physical attributes (such as its length, mass, or volume). Instances of #$PhysicalAmountSlot include #$lengthOfObject, #$volumeOfObject, #$massOfObject, and #$depthOfObject.
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direct instance of: #$PredicateCategory
direct specialization of: #$PhysicalAttributeDescriptionSlot  #$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot  
#$PhysicalFeatureDescribingPredicate   physical feature describing predicate    **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
An instance of #$PredicateCategory. Each instance of #$PhysicalFeatureDescribingPredicate is a predicate relating a spatial thing to one or more of its physical properties (see, for example, the specialization #$PhysicalAttributeDescriptionSlot), or to other spatial things to which it bears certain spatio-physical relations (see, for example, the specialization #$MechanicalConnectionSlot). Instances of #$PhysicalFeatureDescribingPredicate include #$above-Directly, #$physicallyContains, #$touchesDirectly, #$temperatureOfObject, and #$spans-Bridgelike.
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direct instance of: #$PredicateCategory
direct specialization of: #$Predicate  
direct generalization of: #$PhysicalAttributeDescriptionSlot #$ShapeDescribingPredicate
#$PhysicalAttributeDescriptionSlot   physical attribute description slot    **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
A specialization of both #$BinaryPredicate and #$PhysicalFeatureDescribingPredicate. Each instance of #$PhysicalAttributeDescriptionSlot relates some spatial thing to an instance of #$PhysicalAttribute which characterizes that thing. The attribute may or may not be a quantifiable property. Examples of #$PhysicalAttributeDescriptionSlot: #$objectEmitsOdor, #$viscosityOfSubstance, #$diameterOfObject, #$shapeOfObject, and #$xzCrossSectionShapeType.
guid: bd58b9c4-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$PredicateCategory
direct specialization of: #$PhysicalFeatureDescribingPredicate  #$BinaryPredicate  #$ObjectPredicate  
direct generalization of: #$PhysicalAmountSlot
#$ShapeDescribingPredicate   shape-describing predicates    **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
A specialization of #$PhysicalFeatureDescribingPredicate. Each instance of #$ShapeDescribingPredicate is a predicate used in assertions about abstract shapes and shape-like configurations, such as posture. Examples: #$shapeOfObject, #$xyCrossSectionShape, #$yzCrossSectionShapeType, #$continuouslyConnectedTo, #$postureOfAnimal.
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direct instance of: #$PredicateCategory
direct specialization of: #$ObjectPredicate  #$PhysicalFeatureDescribingPredicate  
#$TaxonomicSlot   taxonomic slots
A subcollection of #$Predicate. Each instance of #$TaxonomicSlot is a binary predicate used to help specify the position of a thing within one of the major taxonomies or hierarchies in the Cyc ontology. For example, #$genls orders the instances of #$Collection into a hierarchy. Other examples of #$TaxonomicSlots are #$isa, #$partitionedInto, #$coExtensional, and #$disjointWith.
guid: bd5880ca-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$PredicateCategory
direct specialization of: #$BinaryPredicate  
direct generalization of: #$TaxonomicSlotForPredicates #$TaxonomicSlotForAnyThing #$TaxonomicSlotForCollections
#$TaxonomicSlotForAnyThing   taxonomic slot for any unit
A subcollection of #$TaxonomicSlot (q.v.). Each instance of #$TaxonomicSlotForAnyThing is a taxonomic slot that can in principle be used to help specify the location of anything whatsoever within some taxononmy; hence at least one of its argument-places must be constrained to instances (see #$argIsa) of #$Thing (and to nothing more specific than #$Thing). Examples include #$isa and #$generalizations.
guid: bd589fea-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$PredicateCategory
direct specialization of: #$TaxonomicSlot  
#$TaxonomicSlotForPredicates   taxonomic slot for collections
A specialization of both #$TaxonomicSlot and #$MetaPredicate. Each instance of #$TaxonomicSlotForPredicates is a binary predicate used to help define the taxonomy of #$Predicates by specifying relations between various predicates; hence its argument-places are both constrained to instances (see #$argIsa) of #$Predicate or some broad specialization thereof (such as #$BinaryPredicate). Examples include #$genlPreds, #$genlInverse, and #$negationPreds.
guid: 567dc080-4087-11d6-8000-00a0c9da2002
direct instance of: #$PredicateCategory
direct specialization of: #$MetaPredicate  #$TaxonomicSlot  
#$FunctionalSlot   functional slots
A specialization of #$FunctionalPredicate each instance of which is a binary predicate that is functional in its second argument position. More precisely, a binary predicate PRED is an instance of #$FunctionalSlot if and only if, for any legal occupant THING1 of PRED's first (or arg1 ) argument position, there is at most one legal occupant THING2 of PRED's second (or arg2 ) argument position such that (PRED THING1 THING2) holds. In other words, #$FunctionalSlot is the subcollection of the collection-intersection of #$BinaryPredicate and #$FunctionalPredicate containing those predicates whose second argument (at least) is functional. Examples include #$latitude, #$countryOfAddress, and #$femaleParentActor.
guid: bd5881a4-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$PredicateCategory
direct specialization of: #$FunctionalPredicate  #$BinaryPredicate  
direct generalization of: #$IntervalBasedQuantitySlot
#$SubEventSlot   sub event slots
A collection of predicates that are used to relate an event to its sub-events. Each instance of #$SubEventSlot has an arity of 2, and both argument places are constrained (see #$argIsa) to instances of #$Event, or some subcollection thereof. Each instance of #$SubEventSlot is a specialization of the predicate #$subEvents (q.v.); consequently, for each instance PRED of #$SubEventSlot, either (#$genlPreds PRED #$subEvents) or (#$genlInverse PRED #$subEvents) holds.
guid: bd5882c6-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$PredicateCategory
direct specialization of: #$BinaryRolePredicate  #$TemporalPartSlot  
#$InterPersonalRelationSlot   human relationships (inter existing object slot)    **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
An instance of #$PredicateCategory, and a specialization of #$InterExistingObjectSlot. Each instance of #$InterPersonalRelationSlot is a binary predicate used to represent relationships between two instances of #$Animal. Instances of #$InterPersonalRelationSlot include #$mate, #$friends, and #$boss.
guid: be00bb8e-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$PredicateCategory
direct specialization of: #$InterExistingObjectSlot  
direct generalization of: #$FamilyRelationSlot
#$PerceivingSlot   perceiving slot    **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
A collection of predicates. Each instance of #$PerceivingSlot is a binary predicate relating a perceiver and an object or event (not a sense-datum) that s/he perceives in the mode specified by the predicate; e.g., sees, hears, smells, tactuallyPerceives, tastes. Assertions that use a predicate belonging to #$PerceivingSlot imply that some perception event occurs during the time that the assertion holds. See also #$Perceiving and its subcollections.
guid: bd588eba-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$PredicateCategory
direct specialization of: #$CognitiveAwarenessPredicate  
#$CostBreakdownSlot   cost breakdown slots    **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
A collection of predicates. Each instance of #$CostBreakdownSlot is a binary predicate used to describe some pecuniary aspect of an instance of #$Buying. The first argument to every #$CostBreakdownSlot is an instance of #$Buying and the second argument is always an instance of #$Money. Examples: #$moneyTransferred, #$discount, #$salesTax, #$salesCommission.
guid: bd5896b1-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$PredicateCategory
direct specialization of: #$BinaryPredicate  
#$FamilyRelationSlot   family relationships    **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
A specialization of #$InterPersonalRelationSlot. Each instance of #$FamilyRelationSlot is a binary predicate used to represent relationships among members of human families. Instances of #$FamilyRelationSlot include #$spouse, #$siblings, #$grandmothers, #$grandfathers, #$relatives, and #$cohabitingFamilyMembers.
guid: bd58d96b-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$PredicateCategory
direct specialization of: #$InterPersonalRelationSlot  
#$IntangibleObjectRelatingPredicate   relation predicate
A collection of predicates used to assert relationships between intangible objects. As such, each instance of #$IntangibleObjectRelatingPredicate has at least two of its argument-places constrained to instances of #$IntangibleIndividual or some subcollection thereof. Examples include #$subAlgorithms, #$maxQuantValue, #$meanQuantValue, #$expectedValue, #$derivativesOfFunction, #$rangeOfDistribution, #$inverseFunc, and #$lessLikelyThan.
guid: bd58ed34-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$PredicateCategory
direct specialization of: #$IntangibleObjectPredicate  
#$MicrotheoryPredicate   microtheory predicates    **COMMENT NOT REVIEWED**    **GAFs NOT REVIEWED**
A specialization of #$Predicate. Each instance of #$MicrotheoryPredicate is a predicate used to describe the properties and relationships of instances of #$Microtheory. Instances of #$MicrotheoryPredicate include #$domainAssumptions, #$mtTime, #$genlMt, #$adheresToCodeOfConduct, #$ist-Agreement, and #$ist-Obligation.
guid: bd58817a-9c29-11b1-9dad-c379636f7270
direct instance of: #$PredicateCategory
direct specialization of: #$Predicate  


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