¡¡¡¡ÔÚUNIX® µÄ´¦ÀíÓû§ÕÊ»§µÄ»·¾³ÖÐÓкܶ಻ͬµÄÃüÁî¿ÉÓÃ. ×îÆÕͨµÄÃüÁîÈçÏ£¬ ½ÓÏÂÀ´ÊÇÏêϸʹÓÃËüÃǵÄÀý×Ó¡£
ÃüÁî | ÕªÒª |
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adduser(8) | ÔÚÃüÁîÐÐÌí¼ÓÐÂÓû§. |
rmuser(8) | ÔÚÃüÁîÐÐɾ³ýÓû§. |
chpass(1) | Ò»¸öÁé»îµÄÓÃÓÚÐÞ¸ÄÓû§Êý¾Ý¿âÐÅÏ¢µÄ¹¤¾ß. |
passwd(1) | Ò»¸öÓÃÓÚÐÞ¸ÄÓû§¿ÚÁîµÄ¼òµ¥µÄÃüÁîÐй¤¾ß. |
pw(8) | Ò»¸öÇ¿´óÁé»îÐÞ¸ÄÓû§ÕÊ»§µÄ¹¤¾ß. |
¡¡¡¡adduser(8) ÊÇÒ»¸ö¼òµ¥µÄÌí¼ÓÐÂÓû§µÄÃüÁî. ËüΪÓû§´´½¨ passwd ºÍ group Îļþ¡£ ËüҲΪÐÂÓû§´´½¨Ò»¸öÖ÷Ŀ¼£¬ Ö®ºó£¬ Ëü»á¸´ÖÆÒ»×éĬÈϵÄÅäÖÃÎļþ (¡°dotfiles¡±) ´Ó /usr/share/skel Õâ¸öĿ¼£¬ È»ºó¸øÐÂÓû§·¢ËÍÒ»·â´ø»¶ÓÐÅÏ¢µÄÓʼþ¡£
Àý 13-1. ÔÚ FreeBSD ÖÐÌí¼ÓÒ»¸öÐÂÓû§
# adduser Username: jru Full name: J. Random User Uid (Leave empty for default): Login group [jru]: Login group is jru. Invite jru into other groups? []: wheel Login class [default]: Shell (sh csh tcsh zsh nologin) [sh]: zsh Home directory [/home/jru]: Home directory permissions (Leave empty for default): Use password-based authentication? [yes]: Use an empty password? (yes/no) [no]: Use a random password? (yes/no) [no]: Enter password: Enter password again: Lock out the account after creation? [no]: Username : jru Password : **** Full Name : J. Random User Uid : 1001 Class : Groups : jru wheel Home : /home/jru Shell : /usr/local/bin/zsh Locked : no OK? (yes/no): yes adduser: INFO: Successfully added (jru) to the user database. Add another user? (yes/no): no Goodbye! #
×¢Òâ: ÄúÊäÈëµÄ¿ÚÁî²¢²»»á»ØÏÔµ½ÆÁÄ»ÉÏ£¬ ´ËÍâϵͳҲ²»»áÏÔʾÐǺš£ ÇëÎñ±ØÈ·±£Ã»ÓÐÊä´í¿ÚÁî¡£
¡¡¡¡Äú¿ÉÒÔʹÓÃrmuser(8) ´ÓϵͳÖÐÍêȫɾ³ýÒ»¸öÓû§. rmuser(8) Ö´ÐÐÈçϲ½Öè:
ɾ³ýÓû§µÄ crontab(1) ¼Ç¼ (Èç¹ûÓеϰ).
ɾ³ýÊôÓÚÓû§µÄat(1) ¹¤×÷.
ɱµôÊôÓÚÓû§µÄËùÓнø³Ì.
ɾ³ý±¾µØ¿ÚÁîÎļþÖеÄÓû§.
ɾ³ýÓû§µÄÖ÷Ŀ¼ (Èç¹ûËûÓÐ×Ô¼ºµÄÖ÷Ŀ¼).
ɾ³ýÀ´×Ô /var/mailÊôÓÚÓû§µÄÓʼþ.
ɾ³ýËùÓÐÖîÈç /tmpµÄÁÙʱÎļþ´æ´¢ÇøÖеÄÎļþ.
×îºó, ɾ³ý /etc/groupÖÐËùÓÐÊôÓÚ×éµÄ¸ÃÓû§Ãû.
×¢Òâ: Èç¹ûÒ»¸ö×é±ä³É¿Õ£¬¶ø×éÃûºÍÓû§ÃûÒ»Ñù,×齫±»É¾³ý. adduser(8)ÃüÁÁ¢Ã¿¸öÓû§Î¨Ò»µÄ×é.
¡¡¡¡rmuser(8) ²»ÄÜÓÃÀ´É¾³ý³¬¼¶Óû§µÄÕÊ»§, ÒòΪÄÇÑù×öÊǶÔϵͳ¼«´óµÄÆÆ»µ.
¡¡¡¡Ä¬ÈÏÇé¿öÏÂ, ʹÓý»»¥Ä£Ê½, ÕâÑùÄܹ»ÈÃÄúÇå³þµÄÖªµÀÄúÔÚ×öʲô.
Àý 13-2. ɾ³ýÓû§ ½»»¥Ä£Ê½ÏµÄÕÊ»§É¾³ý
# rmuser jru Matching password entry: jru:*:1001:1001::0:0:J. Random User:/home/jru:/usr/local/bin/zsh Is this the entry you wish to remove? y Remove user's home directory (/home/jru)? y Updating password file, updating databases, done. Updating group file: trusted (removing group jru -- personal group is empty) done. Removing user's incoming mail file /var/mail/jru: done. Removing files belonging to jru from /tmp: done. Removing files belonging to jru from /var/tmp: done. Removing files belonging to jru from /var/tmp/vi.recover: done. #
¡¡¡¡chpass(1) ¿ÉÒԸıäÓû§µÄ¿ÚÁî, shells, ºÍ°üÀ¨¸öÈËÐÅÏ¢ÔÚÄÚµÄÊý¾Ý¿âÐÅÏ¢.
¡¡¡¡Ö»ÓÐϵͳ¹ÜÀíÔ±£¬ ¼´³¬¼¶Óû§£¬ ²Å¿ÉÒÔÓà chpass(1) ¸Ä±äÆäËûÓû§¿ÚÁîºÍÐÅÏ¢¡£
¡¡¡¡³ýÁË¿ÉÑ¡ÔñµÄÓû§Ãû£¬ ²»ÐèÒªÈκÎÑ¡Ï chpass(1) ½«ÏÔʾһ¸ö°üº¬Óû§ÐÅÏ¢µÄ±à¼Æ÷. ¿ÉÒÔÊÔͼ¸Ä±äÓû§ÔÚÊý¾Ý¿âÖеÄÐÅÏ¢.
×¢Òâ: Èç¹ûÄú²»Êdz¬¼¶Óû§µÄ»°£¬ ÔÚÍ˳ö±à¼×´Ì¬Ö®ºó£¬ ϵͳ»áѯÎÊÄú¿ÚÁî¡£
Àý 13-3. ÒÔ³¬¼¶Óû§½»»¥Ö´ÐÐ chpass ÃüÁî
#Changing user database information for jru. Login: jru Password: * Uid [#]: 1001 Gid [# or name]: 1001 Change [month day year]: Expire [month day year]: Class: Home directory: /home/jru Shell: /usr/local/bin/zsh Full Name: J. Random User Office Location: Office Phone: Home Phone: Other information:
¡¡¡¡ÆÕͨÓû§Ö»ÄܸıäËûÃÇ×Ô¼ººÜÉÙµÄÒ»²¿·ÖÐÅÏ¢.
¡¡¡¡passwd(1) ÊǸıäÄú×Ô¼º×÷Ϊһ¸öÆÕͨÓû§¿ÚÁî»òÕß×÷Ϊ³¬¼¶Óû§¿ÚÁî³£Óõķ½·¨.
×¢Òâ: Óû§¸Ä±ä¿ÚÁîǰ±ØÐë¼üÈëÔÀ´µÄ¿ÚÁî, ·ÀÖ¹Óû§À뿪ÖÕ¶Ëʱ·ÇÊÚȨµÄÓû§½øÈë¸Ä±äºÏ·¨Óû§µÄ¿ÚÁî¡£
Àý 13-5. ¸Ä±äÄúµÄ¿ÚÁî
% passwd Changing local password for jru. Old password: New password: Retype new password: passwd: updating the database... passwd: done
Àý 13-6. ¸Ä±äÆäËûÓû§µÄ¿ÚÁîͬ³¬¼¶Óû§µÄÒ»Ñù
# passwd jru Changing local password for jru. New password: Retype new password: passwd: updating the database... passwd: done
×¢Òâ: ¾ÍÏó chpass(1)Ò»Ñù, yppasswd(1) Ö»ÊÇÒ»¸öµ½ passwd(1)µÄÁ¬½Ó, ËùÒÔNISÓÃÈκÎÒ»¸öÃüÁî¶¼¿ÉÒÔÕý³£¹¤×÷.
¡¡¡¡pw(8) ÊÇÒ»¸öÓÃÀ´´´½¨¡¢É¾³ý¡¢Ð޸ġ¢ÏÔʾÓû§ºÍ×éµÄÃüÁîÐй¤¾ß¡£ Ëü»¹ÓÐϵͳÓû§ºÍ×éÎļþ±à¼Æ÷µÄ¹¦ÄÜ¡£ pw(8) ÓÐÒ»¸ö·Ç³£Ç¿´óµÄÃüÁîÐÐÑ¡ÏîÉèÖ㬠µ«ÐÂÓû§¿ÉÄÜ»á¾õµÃËü±ÈÕâÀï½²µÄÆäËüÃüÁîÒª¸´ÔӺܶࡣ
±¾ÎĵµºÍÆäËüÎĵµ¿É´ÓÕâÀïÏÂÔØ£ºftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/doc/.
Èç¹û¶ÔÓÚFreeBSDÓÐÎÊÌ⣬ÇëÏÈÔĶÁÎĵµ£¬Èç²»Äܽâ¾öÔÙÁªÏµ<questions@FreeBSD.org>.
¹ØÓÚ±¾ÎĵµµÄÎÊÌâÇë·¢ÐÅÁªÏµ <doc@FreeBSD.org>.