3 PackagesºÍPorts£ºÔÚ FreeBSD ÖÐÌí¼ÓÈí¼þ

¡¡¡¡³ýÁ˾­µäµÄ UNIX® °²×°Èí¼þµÄ·½·¨ £¨ÏÂÔØÔ´Âë°ü£¬½âѹ£¬±à¼­Ô´Â룬±àÒ룩Í⣬FreeBSD »¹ÌṩÁËÁíÍâÁ½ÖÖ·½·¨À´°²×°Ó¦ÓóÌÐò£ºpackages ºÍ ports¡£ Äã¿ÉÒÔÔÚ ÕâÀï µ½Ò»·ÝÍêÕû¿ÉÓÃµÄ ports ºÍ packages µÄÈí¼þÇåµ¥¡£

3.1 Packages

¡¡¡¡Packages ÊÇÔ¤±àÒëºÃµÄÓ¦ÓóÌÐò£¬ÔÚ FreeBSD ÖеȼÛÓÚ»ùÓÚ Debian/Ubuntu µÄϵͳÖÐµÄ .deb Èí¼þ°üÒÔ¼°»ùÓÚ Red Hat/Fedora µÄϵͳÖÐµÄ .rpm Èí¼þ°ü¡£ PackagesʹÓà pkg_add(1) À´½øÐа²×°¡£ ÀýÈ磬ÏÂÃæµÄÃüÁÓÃÀ´°²×° Apache 2.2£º

# pkg_add /tmp/apache-2.2.6_2.tbz

¡¡¡¡Ê¹Óà -r ²Ù×÷½«¸æËß pkg_add(1) À´×Ô¶¯»ñÈ¡²¢°²×°Ò»¸öÈí¼þ°ü£¬ÒÔ¼°½â¾öËùÓеÄÒÀÀµ¹ØÏµ£º

# pkg_add -r apache22
Fetching ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/ports/i386/packages-6.2-release/Latest/apache22.tbz... Done.
Fetching ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/ports/i386/packages-6.2-release/All/expat-2.0.0_1.tbz... Done.
Fetching ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/ports/i386/packages-6.2-release/All/perl-5.8.8_1.tbz... Done.
[snip]

To run apache www server from startup, add apache22_enable="YES"
in your /etc/rc.conf. Extra options can be found in startup script.

×¢Òâ: Èç¹ûÄãÕýÔËÐÐ×Å release °æ±¾µÄ FreeBSD £¨6.2£¬6.3£¬7.0µÈ£¬ ͨ³£´Ó CD-ROM ±»°²×°µÄ£©pkg_add -r »áΪÆäÏÂÔØ×¨ÃÅΪÕâÐ©ÌØ¶¨°æ±¾¹¹½¨ºÃµÄÈí¼þ°ü¡£ ÕâЩÈí¼þ°ü ¿ÉÄÜ ²»Êǵ±Ç°×îеijÌÐò¡£ Äã¿ÉÒÔʹÓà PACKAGESITE ±äÁ¿À´¸²¸ÇĬÈϵ͝×÷¡£ ÀýÈ磬°Ñ PACHAGESITE ÉèÖÃ³É ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/ports/i386/packages-6-stable/Latest/ À´ÏÂÔØ 6.X ϵÁÐ×îеİü¡£

Äã¿ÉÒÔÔĶÁÕâÆªÎÄÕ ѡÔñ×îÊʺÏ×Ô¼ºµÄ FreeBSD °æ±¾ºÅ À´»ñÈ¡¸ü¶à¹ØÓÚ FreeBSD °æ±¾ºÅµÄ¶«Î÷¡£

¡¡¡¡ÏëÁ˽â¸ü¶àµÄ packages ÐÅÏ¢Çë²éÔÄ FreeBSD ÊÖ²áµÄ 4.4 С½Ú£ºÊ¹Óà Packages ϵͳ¡£

3.2 Ports

¡¡¡¡FreeBSD µÄµÚ¶þÖÖ°²×°Ó¦ÓóÌÐòµÄ·½·¨¾ÍÊÇʹÓà Ports Ì×¼þÁË¡£ Ports Ì×¼þÊÇ FreeBSD ÉϵÄÒ»¸öÀûÓà Makefile ºÍһЩ²¹¶¡ÎļþÀ´Ìض¨´ÓÔ´Âë¶¨ÖÆ°²×°¸÷ÖÖÈí¼þ³ÌÐòµÄ¿ò¼Ü¡£ µ±°²×°Ò»¸ö port ʱϵͳ»á»ñÈ¡³ÌÐòÔ´Â룬 Ó¦ÓÃÈκÎËùÐèÒªµÄ²¹¶¡£¬±àÒëÔ´Â룬 ²¢°²×°Ó¦ÓóÌÐò£¨²¢Õë¶ÔÒÀÀµ¹ØÏµÒÔͬÑùµÄ·½Ê½°²×°½â¾ö£©¡£

¡¡¡¡Ports Ì×¼þ£¬³£±»³Æ×÷ ports Ê÷£¬¿ÉÒÔÔÚ /usr/ports ÏÂÕÒµ½¡£ ¼ÙÉèPortsÌ×¼þÒѾ­ÔÚ°²×° FreeBSD ʱ°²×°¹ýÁË¡£ Èç¹û Ports Ì×¼þ»¹Ã»Óб»°²×°¿ÉÒÔͨ¹ý sysinstall(8) À´½øÐа²×°£¬»òÕßʹÓà csup(1) »ò portsnap(8) À´´Ó FreeBSD µÄ·þÎñÆ÷ÉÏÃæÀ­ÏÂÀ´¡£ÔÚÊÖ²áµÄ 4.5.1 С½Ú ¿ÉÒÔÕÒµ½°²×° Ports Ì×¼þµÄÏêϸ½éÉÜ¡£

¡¡¡¡°²×°Ò»¸ö port ¾ÍÏñ½øÈë port µÄĿ¼²¢¿ªÊ¼¹¹½¨¹ý³ÌÒ»Ñù¼òµ¥£¨Í¨³£Çé¿öÏ£©£¬ ÏÂÃæÊÇ´Ó Ports Ì×¼þ°²×° Apache 2.2 µÄÀý×Ó£º

# cd /usr/ports/www/apache22
# make install clean

¡¡¡¡Ê¹Óà ports °²×°Èí¼þµÄ×î´óºÃ´¦¾ÍÊÇÄܹ»×Ô¶¨Òå°²×°Ñ¡Ïî¡£ ÀýÈ磬´Ó ports °²×° Apache 2.2 ʱÄã¿ÉÒÔͨ¹ýÉèÖà WITH_LDAP make(1) ±äÁ¿À´ÆôÓà mod_ldap£º

# cd /usr/ports/www/apache22
# make WITH_LDAP="YES" install clean

¡¡¡¡Çë²é¿´ FreeBSD ÊÖ²áµÄ 4.5 С½Ú£¬ ʹÓà Ports Collection£¬ ÒÔ»ñÈ¡¸ü¶à¹ØÓÚPorts Collection µÄÐÅÏ¢¡£

3.3 Ports»¹ÊÇpackages£¬ÎÒÓ¦¸ÃʹÓÃÄĸö£¿

¡¡¡¡Packages ¾ÍÊÇÔ¤±àÒëºÃµÄ ports£¬ ËùÒÔ´ÓÔ´Â루ports£©°²×°Óë´Ó¶þ½øÖÆ packages °²×°ÕâÁ½Õß¼äȷʵÓкܴó¹ØÁª¡£Ã¿ÖÖ·½·¨¸÷ÓÐ×Ô¼ºµÄÓŵ㣺

Packages£¨¶þ½øÖÆ£©

Ports£¨Ô´Â룩

¡¡¡¡Èç¹ûÄãûÓÐÒ»Ð©ÌØ±ðµÄÐèÇó£¬ packages ¿ÉÄܸպÃ×îÊʺÏÄãµÄÇé¿ö¡£Èç¹ûÄãÐèÒª½øÒ»²½¶¨ÖÆ£¬ ports ÊÇ×îÊʺϵķ½·¨ÁË¡££¨Çë¼ÇµÃ£¬ Èç¹ûÄãÐèÒª¶¨Öƶø×Ô¼ºÓÖ¸üÇãÏòÓÚʹÓà packages£¬ Äã¿ÉÒÔʹÓà make package ´Ó ports ¹¹½¨Ò»¸ö¶¨ÖÆµÄ package£¬È»ºó¸´ÖƵ½ÆäËûµÄ·þÎñÆ÷¡££©

±¾ÎĵµºÍÆäËüÎĵµ¿É´ÓÕâÀïÏÂÔØ£ºftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/doc/.

Èç¹û¶ÔÓÚFreeBSDÓÐÎÊÌ⣬ÇëÏÈÔĶÁÎĵµ£¬Èç²»Äܽâ¾öÔÙÁªÏµ<questions@FreeBSD.org>.
¹ØÓÚ±¾ÎĵµµÄÎÊÌâÇë·¢ÐÅÁªÏµ <doc@FreeBSD.org>.