Chapter 7 ¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à´ÉÍý

Ìõ: ¤Ë¤·¤« ¡¢ 1997 ǯ 11 ·î 12 Æü

7.1. ¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¥¹¥¿¡¼¥È¥¢¥Ã¥×¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Ï¤É¤³¤Ë¤¢¤ë¤Î¤Ç¤¹¤«?
7.2. ´Êñ¤Ë¥æ¡¼¥¶¤òÄɲ乤ë¤Ë¤Ï¤É¤¦¤¹¤ì¤Ð¤¤¤¤¤Î¤Ç¤¹¤«?
7.3. FreeBSD ¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Ë¿·¤·¤¤¥Ï¡¼¥É¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¤òÄɲ乤ë¤Ë¤Ï?
7.4. ¿·¤·¤¤¥ê¥à¡¼¥Ð¥Ö¥ë¥É¥é¥¤¥Ö¤ò»ý¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹¤¬¡¢¤É¤¦¤ä¤Ã¤Æ»È¤¦¤Î?
7.5. ¼«Ê¬¤Î crontab ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤òÊÔ½¸¤·¤¿¸å root: not found ¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ê¥á¥Ã¥»¡¼¥¸¤¬±ä¡¹¤Èɽ¼¨¤µ¤ì¤ë¤Î¤Ç¤¹¤¬¡¢ ¤³¤ì¤Ï¤Ê¤¼¤Ç¤¹¤«?
7.6. su(1) ¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤ò¼Â¹Ô¤·¤Æ root ¤Ë¤Ê¤í¤¦¤È¤¹¤ë¤È¡¢ su ¤¬ you are not in the correct group to su root ¤È·Ù¹ð¤·¤Þ¤¹¡£
7.7. rc.conf ¤ä¤½¤Î¾¤Î ¥¹¥¿¡¼¥È¥¢¥Ã¥×¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ò½ñ¤­´Ö°ã¤¨¤Æ¤·¤Þ¤¤¤Þ¤·¤¿¡£ ¤·¤«¤â¤½¤Î¤¿¤á¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤¬¥ê¡¼¥É¥ª¥ó¥ê¡¼¤Ë¤Ê¤Ã¤Æ¤·¤Þ¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤Æ ÊÔ½¸¤¬¤Ç¤­¤Þ¤»¤ó¡£¤É¤¦¤¹¤ì¤Ð¤¤¤¤¤Ç¤¹¤«?
7.8. ¤É¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ë¤·¤¿¤é DOS ¤Î³ÈÄ¥¥Ñ¡¼¥Æ¥£¥·¥ç¥ó¤ò¥Þ¥¦¥ó¥È¤Ç¤­¤Þ¤¹¤«?
7.9. ¾¤Î¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤ò FreeBSD ¤Ç¥Þ¥¦¥ó¥È¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¤Ï¤Ç¤­¤Þ¤¹¤«?
7.10. ¤É¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ë¤·¤¿¤é FreeBSD ¤ò NT ¥í¡¼¥À¡¼¤«¤éµ¯Æ°¤µ¤»¤ë¤³¤È¤¬¤Ç¤­¤Þ¤¹¤«?
7.11. FreeBSD ¤È Linux ¤ò LILO ¤«¤éµ¯Æ°¤¹¤ë¤Ë¤Ï?
7.12. FreeBSD ¤È Linux ¤ò BootEasy ¤«¤éµ¯Æ°¤¹¤ë¤Ë¤Ï?
7.13. ¡Ö´í¸±³Ð¸ç¤ÎÀìÍÑ (dangerously dedicated) ¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¡×¤Ï·ò¹¯¤Ë°­¤¤¤Î?
7.14. ¤É¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ë¤·¤¿¤é¥¹¥ï¥Ã¥×Îΰè¤òÁý¤ä¤»¤Þ¤¹¤«?
7.15. ¥×¥ê¥ó¥¿¤Î¥»¥Ã¥È¥¢¥Ã¥×¤ÇÌäÂ꤬¤¢¤ê¤Þ¤¹
7.16. »ä¤Î¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Î¥­¡¼¥Ü¡¼¥É¥Þ¥Ã¥Ô¥ó¥°¤Ï´Ö°ã¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹¡£
7.17. µ¯Æ°»þ¤Ë¡¢unknown: <PNP0303> can't assign resources ¤È¤¤¤¦¥á¥Ã¥»¡¼¥¸¤¬É½¼¨¤µ¤ì¤ë¤Î¤Ç¤¹¤¬?
7.18. ¥æ¡¼¥¶¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¥¯¥©¡¼¥¿¤¬Àµ¾ï¤Ëưºî¤·¤Æ¤¤¤Ê¤¤¤è¤¦¤Ç¤¹¡£
7.19. ¤ï¤¿¤·¤Î ccd ¤Ï¡¢ ²¿¤¬Å¬¹ç¤·¤Æ¤¤¤Ê¤¤ (Inappropriate) ¤Î¤Ç¤·¤ç¤¦?
7.20. ¤É¤¦¤·¤Æ¤ï¤¿¤·¤Î ccd ¤Î¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¥é¥Ù¥ë¤òÊѹ¹¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¤¬¤Ç¤­¤Ê¤¤¤Î¤Ç¤·¤ç¤¦?
7.21. FreeBSD ¤Ï System V ¤Î IPC ¥×¥ê¥ß¥Æ¥£¥Ö¤ò¥µ¥Ý¡¼¥È¤·¤Þ¤¹¤«?
7.22. UUCP ¤Ç¥á¡¼¥ë¤òÇÛÁ÷¤¹¤ë¤Ë¤Ï sendmail ¤ò¤É¤¦»È¤¨¤Ð¤è¤¤¤Î¤Ç¤¹¤«?
7.23. ¥À¥¤¥¢¥ë¥¢¥Ã¥×¤Ç¥¤¥ó¥¿¡¼¥Í¥Ã¥È¤ËÀܳ¤¹¤ë´Ä¶­¤Ç¥á¡¼¥ë¤ò¥»¥Ã¥È¥¢¥Ã¥×¤¹¤ë¤Ë¤Ï¤É¤¦¤ä¤ë¤Î?
7.24. ¤³¤Î UID ¤¬ 0 ¤Î toor ¤È¤¤¤¦ ¥¢¥«¥¦¥ó¥È¤È¤Ï²¿¤Ç¤¹¤«? ´í¸±¤Ë¤µ¤é¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤Î¤Ç¤·¤ç¤¦¤«?
7.25. ¤·¤Þ¤Ã¤¿! root ¤Î¥Ñ¥¹¥ï¡¼¥É¤ò˺¤ì¤Æ¤·¤Þ¤Ã¤¿!
7.26. Control-Alt-Delete ¤Ç¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤¬ºÆµ¯Æ°¤·¤Ê¤¤¤è¤¦¤Ë¤¹¤ë¤Ë¤Ï¤É¤¦¤¹¤ì¤Ð¤¤¤¤?
7.27. DOS ¤Î¥Æ¥­¥¹¥È¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ò UNIX ¤Î¥Æ¥­¥¹¥È¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ËÀ°·Á¤¹¤ë¤Ë¤Ï¤É¤¦¤¹¤ì¤Ð¤¤¤¤?
7.28. ̾Á°¤Ç»ØÄꤷ¤Æ¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Ë¥·¥°¥Ê¥ë¤òÁ÷¤ë¤Ë¤Ï¤É¤¦¤¹¤ì¤Ð¤¤¤¤?
7.29. su ¤¬ not in root's ACL ¤È¸À¤Ã¤Æ»ä¤òǺ¤Þ¤»¤ë¤Î¤Ï¤Ê¤¼?
7.30. Kerberos ¤ò¥¢¥ó¥¤¥ó¥¹¥È¡¼¥ë¤¹¤ë¤Ë¤Ï¤É¤¦¤¹¤ì¤Ð¤¤¤¤¤Î?
7.31. µ¿»÷¥¿¡¼¥ß¥Ê¥ë¤òÄɲ乤ë¤Ë¤Ï?
7.32. snd0 ¥Ç¥Ð¥¤¥¹¤òºîÀ®¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¤¬¤Ç¤­¤Þ¤»¤ó!
7.33. ºÆµ¯Æ°¤»¤º¤Ë¤â¤¦°ìÅÙ /etc/rc.conf ¤òÆÉ¤ß¹þ¤ó¤Ç /etc/rc ¤ò³«»Ï¤µ¤»¤ë¤Ë¤Ï?
7.34. º½¾ì (sandbox) ¤È¤Ï²¿¤Ç¤¹¤«?
7.35. ¥»¥­¥å¥¢¥ì¥Ù¥ë (securelevel) ¤Ã¤Æ²¿¤Ç¤¹¤«?
7.36. ¥Õ¥í¥Ã¥Ô¡¼¤ä CDROM ¤ä¾¤Î¥ê¥à¡¼¥Ð¥Ö¥ë¥á¥Ç¥£¥¢¤Î¥Þ¥¦¥ó¥È¤ò°ìÈ̥桼¥¶¡¼¤Ëµö²Ä¤¹¤ë¤Ë¤Ï?
7.37. ¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤ò¿·¤·¤¤µðÂç¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¤Ø°Ü¤¹¤Ë¤Ï¤É¤¦¤¹¤ë¤Î¤Ç¤¹¤«?
7.38. ¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤òºÇ¿·¤Î -STABLE ¤Ë¥¢¥Ã¥×¥Ç¡¼¥È¤·¤è¤¦¤È¤·¤¿¤Î¤Ç¤¹¤¬ -RC ¤ä -BETA ¤Ë¤Ê¤Ã¤Æ¤·¤Þ¤¤¤Þ¤·¤¿! ²¿¤¬µ¯¤³¤Ã¤¿¤Î¤Ç¤¹¤«?
7.39. ¿·¤·¤¤¥«¡¼¥Í¥ë¤òÆþ¤ì¤è¤¦¤È¤·¤¿¤Î¤Ç¤¹¤¬¡¢ chflags ¤Ë¼ºÇÔ¤·¤Þ¤¹¡£¤É¤¦¤¹¤ì¤ÐÎɤ¤¤Î¤Ç¤·¤ç¤¦?
7.40. ¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Î»þ¹ï¤ò 1 ÉðʾåÊѹ¹¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¤¬¤Ç¤­¤Ê¤¤¤Î¤Ç¤¹! ¤É¤¦¤¹¤ì¤ÐÎɤ¤¤Î¤Ç¤·¤ç¤¦?
7.41. rpc.statd(8) ¤Ë¥á¥â¥ê¥ê¡¼¥¯¤ò¸«¤Ä¤±¤Þ¤·¤¿! ¥á¥â¥ê¤ò 256 ¥á¥¬¥Ð¥¤¥È¤â»È¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹¡£

7.1. ¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¥¹¥¿¡¼¥È¥¢¥Ã¥×¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Ï¤É¤³¤Ë¤¢¤ë¤Î¤Ç¤¹¤«?

FreeBSD 2.0.5R ¤«¤é 2.2.1R ¤Þ¤Ç¤Ï¡¢ ¥×¥é¥¤¥Þ¥ê¥³¥ó¥Õ¥£¥°¥ì¡¼¥·¥ç¥ó¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Ï /etc/sysconfig ¤Ë¤¢¤ê¤Þ¤¹¡£ ¥ª¥×¥·¥ç¥ó¤Ï¤¹¤Ù¤Æ¤³¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ÇÀßÄꤵ¤ì¡¢Â¾¤Î /etc/rc (rc(8) »²¾È) ¤ª¤è¤Ó /etc/netstart ¤È¤¤¤Ã¤¿ ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Ï¤³¤ì¤òÆÉ¤ß¹þ¤à¤À¤±¤Ç¤¹¡£

¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë /etc/sysconfig ¤ò¸«¤Æ¡¢¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤ËŬ¹ç¤¹¤ë¤è¤¦¤ËÊѹ¹¤·¤Æ¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤¡£ ¤³¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Ë¤Ï¡¢ ¤½¤ì¤¾¤ì¤Î¾ì½ê¤Ë²¿¤ò½ñ¤±¤Ð¤¤¤¤¤Î¤«¤òɽ¤¹¥³¥á¥ó¥È¤¬¤¿¤¯¤µ¤ó½ñ¤«¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹¡£

FreeBSD 2.2.2 ¤«¤é 3.0 ¤Þ¤Ç¤Î¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Ç¤Ï¡¢ /etc/sysconfig ¤Ï¡¢ ¤è¤êʬ¤ê¤ä¤¹¤¤Ì¾Á°¤Î rc.conf(5) ¤Ë²þ̾¤µ¤ì¡¢¤½¤ì¤Ë½¾¤Ã¤Æ½ñ¼°¤â¤¤¤¯¤Ö¤ó²þ¤á¤é¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹¡£ /etc/netstart ¤â /etc/rc.network ¤Ë²þ̾¤µ¤ì¡¢ Á´Éô¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ò cp /usr/src/etc/rc* /etc ¤Ç°ìÅ٤˥³¥Ô¡¼¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¤¬½ÐÍè¤ë¤è¤¦¤Ë¤Ê¤ê¤Þ¤¹¡£

FreeBSD 3.1 ¤È¤½¤ì°Ê¹ß¤Ç¤Ï¡¢ /etc/rc.conf ¤¬ /etc/defaults/rc.conf ¤Ë°Üư¤·¤Þ¤·¤¿¡£ ¤³¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤òÊÔ½¸¤·¤Æ¤Ï¤¤¤±¤Þ¤»¤ó! Âå¤ï¤ê¤Ë¡¢ /etc/defaults/rc.conf ¤ÎÃæ¤ÇÊѤ¨¤¿¤¤¥¨¥ó¥È¥ê¤Î¹Ô¤ò /etc/rc.conf ¤Ë¥³¥Ô¡¼¤·¡¢ ¤½¤³¤ÇÊѹ¹¤¹¤ë¤è¤¦¤Ë¤·¤Æ¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤¡£

¤¿¤È¤¨¤Ð named ¤òµ¯Æ°¤·¤¿¤¤¤È¤·¤Þ¤·¤ç¤¦¡£ FreeBSD 3.1 ¤«¤½¤ì°Ê¹ß¤Î¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Ç FreeBSD ÉÕ°¤Î DNS ¥µ¡¼¥Ð¤òµ¯Æ°¤¹¤ë¤Ë¤Ï¡¢¼¡¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ë¤¹¤ë¤À¤±¤Ç¤¹¡£

# echo named_enable="YES" >>
              /etc/rc.conf

FreeBSD 3.1 ¤«¤½¤ì°Ê¹ß¤Ç¥í¡¼¥«¥ë¥µ¡¼¥Ó¥¹¤òµ¯Æ°¤¹¤ë¤¿¤á¤Ë¤Ï¡¢ /usr/local/etc/rc.d ¥Ç¥£¥ì¥¯¥È¥ê¤Ë¥·¥§¥ë¥¹¥¯¥ê¥×¥È¤òÃÖ¤­¤Þ¤¹¡£ ¥·¥§¥ë¥¹¥¯¥ê¥×¥È¤Ïµ¯Æ°²Äǽ¤ËÀßÄꤷ¡¢¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë̾¤¬ .sh ¤Ç½ª¤ï¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤Ê¤±¤ì¤Ð¤Ê¤ê¤Þ¤»¤ó¡£ FreeBSD 3.0 ¤È¤½¤ì°ÊÁ°¤Î¥ê¥ê¡¼¥¹¤Ç¤Ï¡¢ /etc/rc.local ¤òÊÔ½¸¤¹¤ëɬÍפ¬¤¢¤ê¤Þ¤¹¡£

¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë /etc/rc.serial ¤Ï¥·¥ê¥¢¥ë¥Ý¡¼¥È¤Î½é´ü²½ (¤¿¤È¤¨¤Ð¥Ý¡¼¥È¤ÎÀßÄê¤ò¸ÇÄꤷ¤¿¤êÅù¡¹) ¤Î¤¿¤á¤Ë¤¢¤ê¤Þ¤¹¡£

¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë /etc/rc.i386 ¤Ï iBCS2 ¥¨¥ß¥å¥ì¡¼¥·¥ç¥ó¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ê Intel ¥¢¡¼¥­¥Æ¥¯¥Á¥ã¸ÇÍ­¤ÎÀßÄê¤ä¡¢ PC ¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¥³¥ó¥½¡¼¥ëÀßÄê¤Î¤¿¤á¤Ë¤¢¤ê¤Þ¤¹¡£

7.2. ´Êñ¤Ë¥æ¡¼¥¶¤òÄɲ乤ë¤Ë¤Ï¤É¤¦¤¹¤ì¤Ð¤¤¤¤¤Î¤Ç¤¹¤«?

adduser(8) ¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤ò»ÈÍѤ·¤Æ¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤¡£ ¤Þ¤¿¡¢pw(8) ¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤òÍѤ¤¤ë¤³¤È¤Ç¡¢¤µ¤é¤ËºÙ¤«¤¤Áàºî¤¬²Äǽ¤Ç¤¹¡£

¥æ¡¼¥¶¤òºï½ü¤¹¤ë¤Ë¤Ï rmuser(8) ¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤ò»ÈÍѤ·¤Æ¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤¡£ ·«¤êÊÖ¤·¤Ë¤Ê¤ê¤Þ¤¹¤¬¡¢pw(8) ¤Ç¤â¹½¤¤¤Þ¤»¤ó¡£

7.3. FreeBSD ¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Ë¿·¤·¤¤¥Ï¡¼¥É¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¤òÄɲ乤ë¤Ë¤Ï?

www.FreeBSD.org ¤Ë½ñ¤«¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¥Õ¥©¡¼¥Þ¥Ã¥È¥Á¥å¡¼¥È¥ê¥¢¥ë¤ò»²¾È¤·¤Æ¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤¡£

7.4. ¿·¤·¤¤¥ê¥à¡¼¥Ð¥Ö¥ë¥É¥é¥¤¥Ö¤ò»ý¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹¤¬¡¢¤É¤¦¤ä¤Ã¤Æ»È¤¦¤Î?

¤½¤Î¥ê¥à¡¼¥Ð¥Ö¥ë¥É¥é¥¤¥Ö¤¬ ZIP ¤Ç¤¢¤ì EZ drive ¤Ç¤¢¤ì (¤¢¤ë¤¤¤Ï¤â¤·¤½¤¦¤¤¤¦É÷¤Ë»È¤¤¤¿¤¤¤Î¤Ê¤é¡¢¥Õ¥í¥Ã¥Ô¡¼¤Ç¤¢¤ì)¡¢ ¤Þ¤¿¥Ï¡¼¥É¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¤Ç¤¢¤ì¡¢°ìö¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Ë¥¤¥ó¥¹¥È¡¼¥ë¤µ¤ì¤ÆÇ§¼±¤µ¤ì¡¢ ¥«¡¼¥È¥ê¥Ã¥¸¡¢¥Õ¥í¥Ã¥Ô¡¼Åù¡¹¤¬ÁÞÆþ¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ì¤Ð¡¢ ¤³¤È¤Ï¤É¤Î¥Ç¥Ð¥¤¥¹¤Ç¤âÁ´¤¯Æ±¤¸¤è¤¦¤Ë¿Ê¤ß¤Þ¤¹¡£

(¤³¤Î¥»¥¯¥·¥ç¥ó¤ÏMark Mayo's ZIP FAQ ¤Ë´ð¤Å¤¤¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹)

ZIP ¥É¥é¥¤¥Ö¤ä¥Õ¥í¥Ã¥Ô¡¼¤Ç¡¢¤¹¤Ç¤Ë DOS ¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Ç ¥Õ¥©¡¼¥Þ¥Ã¥È¤·¤Æ¤¢¤ë¾ì¹ç¡¢¼¡¤Î¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤ò»È¤¦¤³¤È¤¬¤Ç¤­¤Þ¤¹¡£ ¤³¤ì¤Ï¥Õ¥í¥Ã¥Ô¡¼¤Î¾ì¹ç¤Ç¤¹¡£

# mount -t msdos /dev/fd0c /floppy

½Ð²Ù»þ¤ÎÀßÄê¤Î ZIP ¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¤Ç¤Ï¤³¤¦¤Ç¤¹¡£

# mount -t msdos /dev/da2s4 /zip

¤½¤Î¾¤Î¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¤Ë´Ø¤·¤Æ¤Ï¡¢fdisk(8) ¤ä /stand/sysinstall ¤ò»È¤Ã¤Æ¡¢ ¤É¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ë¥ì¥¤¥¢¥¦¥È¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤«³Î¤«¤á¤Æ¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤¡£

°Ê¹ß¤Ï ZIP ¥É¥é¥¤¥Ö¤¬ 3 ÈÖÌܤΠSCSI ¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¤Ç¡¢ da2 ¤Èǧ¼±¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¾ì¹ç¤ÎÎã¤Ç¤¹¡£

¾¿Í¤È¶¦Í­¤·¤Ê¤±¤ì¤Ð¤Ê¤é¤Ê¤¤¥Õ¥í¥Ã¥Ô¡¼¤ä¥ê¥à¡¼¥Ð¥Ö¥ë¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯ ¤Ç¤Ê¤±¤ì¤Ð¡¢BSD ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤òºÜ¤»¤Æ¤·¤Þ¤¦¤Î¤¬Îɤ¤¹Í¤¨¤Ç¤·¤ç¤¦¡£ ¥í¥ó¥°¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë̾¤â¥µ¥Ý¡¼¥È¤µ¤ì¡¢¥Ñ¥Õ¥©¡¼¥Þ¥ó¥¹¤Ï¾¯¤Ê¤¯¤È¤â 2 Çܤϸþ¾å¤·¤Þ¤¹¤·¡¢¤ª¤Þ¤±¤Ë¤º¤Ã¤È°ÂÄꤷ¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹¡£ ¤Þ¤ººÇ½é¤Ë¡¢DOS ¥ì¥Ù¥ë¤Ç¤Î¥Ñ¡¼¥Æ¥£¥·¥ç¥ó / ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤ò̵¸ú¤Ë¤·¤Æ¤ª¤¯É¬Íפ¬¤¢¤ê¤Þ¤¹¡£»ÈÍѤ¹¤ë¤Î¤Ï fdisk ¤Ç¤â /stand/sysinstall ¤Ç¤â·ë¹½¤Ç¤¹¡£ Ê£¿ô¤Î¥ª¥Ú¥ì¡¼¥Æ¥£¥ó¥°¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤òÆþ¤ì¤ë¤³¤È¤ò¹Íθ¤¹¤ë ɬÍפ¬¤Ê¤¤¤è¤¦¤ÊÍÆÎ̤µ¤Ê¥É¥é¥¤¥Ö¤Î¾ì¹ç¤Ï¡¢ ¼¡¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ë FAT ¥Ñ¡¼¥Æ¥£¥·¥ç¥ó¥Æ¡¼¥Ö¥ë (¥¹¥é¥¤¥¹) Á´ÂΤòÈô¤Ð¤·¤Æ¡¢BSD ¤Î¥Ñ¡¼¥Æ¥£¥·¥ç¥óÀßÄê¤ò¹Ô¤¦¤À¤±¤ÇÎɤ¤¤Ç¤·¤ç¤¦¡£

# dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/rda2 count=2
# disklabel -Brw da2 auto

Ê£¿ô¤Î BSD ¥Ñ¡¼¥Æ¥£¥·¥ç¥ó¤ò¤Ä¤¯¤ë¾ì¹ç¡¢ disklabel ¤« /stand/sysinstall ¤ò»È¤¤¤Þ¤¹¡£ ¸ÇÄê¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¾å¤Ë¥¹¥ï¥Ã¥×Îΰè¤ò²Ã¤¨¤ë¾ì¹ç¡¢ ¤½¤¦¤¤¤¦¤³¤È¤ò¤·¤¿¤¤¤È»×¤¦¤Î¤Ï¤â¤Ã¤È¤â¤Ç¤¹¤¬¡¢ ZIP ¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ê¥ê¥à¡¼¥Ð¥Ö¥ë¥É¥é¥¤¥Ö¤Î¾å¤Ç¤Ï¤½¤¦¤¤¤¦¹Í¤¨¤ÏÉÔŬÀÚ ¤Ç¤·¤ç¤¦¡£

ºÇ¸å¤Ë¡¢¿·¤·¤¤¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤ò¤Ä¤¯¤ê¤Þ¤¹¡£¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯Á´ÂΤò»ÈÍѤ¹¤ë ZIP ¥É¥é¥¤¥Ö¤Î¾ì¹ç¤Ï¡¢°Ê²¼¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ë¤·¤Þ¤¹¡£

# newfs /dev/rda2c

¼¡¤Ë¥Þ¥¦¥ó¥È¤·¤Þ¤¹¡£

# mount /dev/da2c /zip

¤Þ¤¿¡¢¼¡¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ê¹Ô¤ò /etc/fstab (fstab(5) »²¾È) ¤ËÆþ¤ì¤Æ¤ª¤¯¤Î¤âÎɤ¤¹Í¤¨¤Ç¤·¤ç¤¦¡£ mount /zip ¤ÈÆþÎϤ¹¤ë¤À¤±¤Ç¥Þ¥¦¥ó¥È¤Ç¤­¤ë¤è¤¦¤Ë¤Ê¤ê¤Þ¤¹¡£

/dev/da2c /zip ffs rw,noauto 0 0

7.5. ¼«Ê¬¤Î crontab ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤òÊÔ½¸¤·¤¿¸å root: not found ¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ê¥á¥Ã¥»¡¼¥¸¤¬±ä¡¹¤Èɽ¼¨¤µ¤ì¤ë¤Î¤Ç¤¹¤¬¡¢ ¤³¤ì¤Ï¤Ê¤¼¤Ç¤¹¤«?

¤³¤ì¤ÏÄ̾¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à crontab (/etc/crontab) ¤òÊÔ½¸¤·¡¢crontab(1) ¤ò»È¤Ã¤Æ¥¤¥ó¥¹¥È¡¼¥ë¤·¤¿¾ì¹ç¤Ëµ¯¤³¤ê¤Þ¤¹¡£

# crontab /etc/crontab

¤³¤ÎÊýË¡¤ÏÀµ¤·¤¯¤¢¤ê¤Þ¤»¤ó¡£ ¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à crontab ¤Î¥Õ¥©¡¼¥Þ¥Ã¥È¤Ï crontab(1) ¤¬¹¹¿·¤¹¤ë³Æ¥æ¡¼¥¶¤Î crontab ¤È¤Ï°Û¤Ê¤ê¤Þ¤¹ (¥Õ¥©¡¼¥Þ¥Ã¥È¤ÎÁê°ãÅÀ¤Î¾ÜºÙ¤Ï crontab(5) ¤ÇÀâÌÀ¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹)¡£

¤â¤·¤³¤Î¤è¤¦¤ÊÁàºî¤ò¤·¤Æ¤·¤Þ¤Ã¤¿¤Ê¤é¡¢ ¤¢¤é¤¿¤Ê crontab ¤Ï¸í¤Ã¤¿¥Õ¥©¡¼¥Þ¥Ã¥È¤Î /etc/crontab ¤Î¥³¥Ô¡¼¤Ë¤Ê¤Ã¤Æ¤·¤Þ¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤«¤é¤Ç¤¹¡£ °Ê²¼¤Î¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤Çºï½ü¤·¤Æ¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤¡£

# crontab -r

º£ÅÙ /etc/crontab ¤òÊÔ½¸¤¹¤ë»þ¤Ï¡¢ ¤½¤ÎÊѹ¹¤ò cron(8) ¤ËÅÁ¤¨¤ë¤è¤¦¤ÊÁàºî¤ò¤·¤Æ¤Ï¤¤¤±¤Þ¤»¤ó¡£ cron(8) ¤Ï¡¢¼«Æ°Åª¤Ë¤½¤ÎÊѹ¹¤òǧ¼±¤¹¤ë¤«¤é¤Ç¤¹¡£

¤â¤·¤¢¤Ê¤¿¤¬²¿¤«¤ò°ìÆü°ì²ó¡¢¤¢¤ë¤¤¤Ï°ì½µ´Ö¤ä°ì¥ö·î¤Ë°ì²ó¤À¤± ¼Â¹Ô¤µ¤»¤¿¤¤¤Ê¤é¡¢¥·¥§¥ë¥¹¥¯¥ê¥×¥È¤ò /usr/local/etc/periodic ¤ËÄɲä·¡¢ periodic(8) ¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤Ë¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Î cron ¥¹¥±¥¸¥å¡¼¥ë¤«¤é ¾¤ÎÄê´üŪ¤Ê¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Î¥¿¥¹¥¯¤È¤È¤â¤Ë ¼Â¹Ô¤µ¤»¤¿¤Û¤¦¤¬Îɤ¤¤«¤â¤·¤ì¤Þ¤»¤ó¡£

¤³¤Î¥¨¥é¡¼¤Î¼ÂºÝ¤Î¸¶°ø¤Ï¡¢¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à crontab ¤Ë¤Ï ¤É¤Î¥æ¡¼¥¶¸¢¸Â¤Ç¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤ò¼Â¹Ô¤¹¤ë¤«¤ò»ØÄꤹ¤ë;ʬ¤Ê¥Õ¥£¡¼¥ë¥É¤¬¤¢¤ë¤³¤È¤Ë¤è¤ë¤â¤Î¤Ç¤¹¡£ FreeBSD ¤ËźÉÕ¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ëɸ½à¤Î¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à crontab ¤Ë¤Ï¡¢ ¤¹¤Ù¤Æ¤Î¥¨¥ó¥È¥ê¤Ë root ¤¬½ñ¤«¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹¡£ ¤³¤Î crontab ¤¬ root ¥æ¡¼¥¶¤Î crontab (¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à crontab ¤È¤Ï °Û¤Ê¤ê¤Þ¤¹) ¤È¤·¤Æ»È¤ï¤ì¤¿¾ì¹ç¡¢cron(8) ¤Ï root ¤ò¼Â¹Ô¤¹¤ë¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤ÎºÇ½é¤Îñ¸ì¤À¤Èǧ¼±¤·¤Þ¤¹¤¬¡¢ ¤½¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ê¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤Ï¸ºß¤·¤Ê¤¤¤Î¤Ç¤¹¡£

7.6. su(1) ¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤ò¼Â¹Ô¤·¤Æ root ¤Ë¤Ê¤í¤¦¤È¤¹¤ë¤È¡¢ su ¤¬ you are not in the correct group to su root ¤È·Ù¹ð¤·¤Þ¤¹¡£

¤³¤ì¤Ï¡¢¥»¥­¥å¥ê¥Æ¥£¾å¤Îµ¡Ç½¤Ç¤¹¡£su ¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤ò¼Â¹Ô¤·¤Æ root (¤Þ¤¿¤Ï¥¹¡¼¥Ñ¡¼¥æ¡¼¥¶¸¢¸Â¤ò»ý¤Ä ¾¤Î¥¢¥«¥¦¥ó¥È) ¤Ë¤Ê¤ë¤Ë¤Ï¡¢wheel ¥°¥ë¡¼¥×¤Ë½ê°¤·¤Æ¤¤¤Ê¤±¤ì¤Ð¤Ê¤ê¤Þ¤»¤ó¡£¤³¤Îµ¡Ç½¤¬¤Ê¤¤¤È¡¢ ¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Ë¥¢¥«¥¦¥ó¥È¤¬¤¢¤Ã¤Æ root ¤Î ¥Ñ¥¹¥ï¡¼¥É¤ò¸«¤Ä¤±¤µ¤¨¤¹¤ì¤Ð¡¢Ã¯¤Ç¤â¥¹¡¼¥Ñ¡¼¥æ¡¼¥¶¸¢¸Â¤Ç ¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Ë¥¢¥¯¥»¥¹¤Ç¤­¤Æ¤·¤Þ¤¤¤Þ¤¹¡£¤³¤Îµ¡Ç½¤¬¤¢¤ë¾ì¹ç¤Ï¡¢ ɬ¤º¤·¤â¤½¤¦¤Ï¤Ê¤ê¤Þ¤»¤ó¡£wheel ¥°¥ë¡¼¥×¤Ë ½ê°¤·¤Æ¤¤¤Ê¤±¤ì¤Ð¡¢su(1) ¤¬¥Ñ¥¹¥ï¡¼¥É¤ÎÆþÎϤ¹¤é µñÈݤ¹¤ë¤«¤é¤Ç¤¹¡£

狼¤¬ root ¤Ë su ¤Ç¤­¤ë¤è¤¦¤Ë ¤¹¤ë¤Ë¤Ï¡¢¤½¤Î¿Í¤ò wheel ¥°¥ë¡¼¥×¤ËÄɲ䷤Ƥ¯¤À¤µ¤¤¡£

7.7. rc.conf ¤ä¤½¤Î¾¤Î ¥¹¥¿¡¼¥È¥¢¥Ã¥×¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ò½ñ¤­´Ö°ã¤¨¤Æ¤·¤Þ¤¤¤Þ¤·¤¿¡£ ¤·¤«¤â¤½¤Î¤¿¤á¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤¬¥ê¡¼¥É¥ª¥ó¥ê¡¼¤Ë¤Ê¤Ã¤Æ¤·¤Þ¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤Æ ÊÔ½¸¤¬¤Ç¤­¤Þ¤»¤ó¡£¤É¤¦¤¹¤ì¤Ð¤¤¤¤¤Ç¤¹¤«?

¥·¥§¥ë¤Î¥Ñ¥¹Ì¾¤òÆþÎϤ¹¤ë¥×¥í¥ó¥×¥È¤¬É½¼¨¤µ¤ì¤¿¤È¤­¤Ë¡¢ ñ¤Ë ENTER ¤ò²¡¤·¡¢mount / ¤ò ¼Â¹Ô¤·¤Æ¤½¥ë¡¼¥È¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤òºÆ¥Þ¥¦¥ó¥È¤µ¤»¤Þ¤¹¡£ ¤Þ¤¿¡¢¤ªµ¤¤ËÆþ¤ê¤Î¥¨¥Ç¥£¥¿¤¬¤¢¤ë¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤ò ¥Þ¥¦¥ó¥È¤¹¤ë¤¿¤á¤Ë mount -a -t ufs ¤ò ¤¹¤ëɬÍפ¬¤¢¤ë¤«¤âÃΤì¤Þ¤»¤ó¡£¤¢¤Ê¤¿¤Î¤ªµ¤¤ËÆþ¤ê¤Î¥¨¥Ç¥£¥¿¤¬ ¥Í¥Ã¥È¥ï¡¼¥¯¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¾å¤Ë¤¢¤ë¾ì¹ç¤Ï¡¢ ¥Í¥Ã¥È¥ï¡¼¥¯¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤ò¥Þ¥¦¥ó¥È¤¹¤ëÁ°¤Ë¥Í¥Ã¥È¥ï¡¼¥¯¤ò ¼êư¤ÇÀßÄꤹ¤ë¤«¡¢ed(1) ¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ê¥í¡¼¥«¥ë¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Ë¤¢¤ë ¥¨¥Ç¥£¥¿¤ò»È¤¦¤«¤·¤Ê¤±¤ì¤Ð¤Ê¤ê¤Þ¤»¤ó¡£

vi(1) ¤ä emacs(1) ¤ÎÍͤʥե륹¥¯¥ê¡¼¥ó¥¨¥Ç¥£¥¿¤ò »È¤¦¤Ä¤â¤ê¤Ê¤é export TERM=cons25 ¤È ¤ä¤Ã¤Æ¥¨¥Ç¥£¥¿¤¬ termcap(5) ¥Ç¡¼¥¿¥Ù¡¼¥¹¤«¤éÀµ¤·¤¤ ¥Ç¡¼¥¿¤òÆÉ¤ß¼è¤ì¤ë¤è¤¦¤Ë¤·¤Ê¤±¤ì¤Ð¤Ê¤ê¤Þ¤»¤ó¡£

¤³¤ì¤ò¹Ô¤Ã¤¿¤¢¤È¤Ï¤¤¤Ä¤â¤ÈƱÍÍ¡¢ /etc/rc.conf ¤òÊÔ½¸¤·¤Æ´Ö°ã¤¤¤òÄûÀµ¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¤¬¤Ç¤­¤ë¤è¤¦¤Ë¤Ê¤ê¤Þ¤¹¡£ ¥«¡¼¥Í¥ëµ¯Æ°¥á¥Ã¥»¡¼¥¸¤Îľ¸å¤Ëɽ¼¨¤µ¤ì¤¿¥¨¥é¡¼¥á¥Ã¥»¡¼¥¸¤Ë¤Ï¡¢ ÌäÂê¤Îµ¯¤³¤Ã¤¿¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ëÆâ¤Ç¤Î¹ÔÈÖ¹æ¤òɽ¼¨¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤Ï¤º¤Ç¤¹¡£

7.8. ¤É¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ë¤·¤¿¤é DOS ¤Î³ÈÄ¥¥Ñ¡¼¥Æ¥£¥·¥ç¥ó¤ò¥Þ¥¦¥ó¥È¤Ç¤­¤Þ¤¹¤«?

DOS ³ÈÄ¥¥Ñ¡¼¥Æ¥£¥·¥ç¥ó¤Ï¡¢ ¤¹¤Ù¤Æ¤Î´ðËܥѡ¼¥Æ¥£¥·¥ç¥ó¤Î¸å¤Ëǧ¼±¤µ¤ì¤Þ¤¹¡£ ¤¿¤È¤¨¤Ð¡¢2ÂæÌܤΠSCSI¥É¥é¥¤¥Ö¤Î³ÈÄ¥¥Ñ¡¼¥Æ¥£¥·¥ç¥ó¤Ë E ¥Ñ¡¼¥Æ¥£¥·¥ç¥ó¤¬¤¢¤ë¤È¤·¤Þ¤¹¤È¡¢ ¤³¤ì¤Ï /dev ¤Ë¡Ö¥¹¥é¥¤¥¹ 5 ¡×¤Î¥¹¥Ú¥·¥ã¥ë¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤òºî¤ëɬÍפ¬¤¢¤ê¡¢ /dev/da1s5 ¤È¤·¤Æ¥Þ¥¦¥ó¥È¤µ¤ì¤Þ¤¹¡£

# cd /dev
# ./MAKEDEV da1s5
# mount -t msdos /dev/da1s5 /dos/e

7.9. ¾¤Î¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤ò FreeBSD ¤Ç¥Þ¥¦¥ó¥È¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¤Ï¤Ç¤­¤Þ¤¹¤«?

Digital UNIX: UFS CDROM ¤ÏľÀÜ FreeBSD ¤Ç¥Þ¥¦¥ó¥È¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¤¬¤Ç¤­¤Þ¤¹¡£ Digital UNIX ¤ä¤½¤ì°Ê³°¤Î¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Î¥µ¥Ý¡¼¥È¤¹¤ë UFS ¤Î¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¥Ñ¡¼¥Æ¥£¥·¥ç¥ó¤ò¥Þ¥¦¥ó¥È¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¤Ï¤â¤Ã¤ÈÊ£»¨¤Ê¤³¤È¤Ç¡¢ ¥ª¥Ú¥ì¡¼¥Æ¥£¥ó¥°¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Î¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¥Ñ¡¼¥Æ¥£¥·¥ç¥ó¤Î¾ÜºÙ¤Ë°Í¸¤·¤Þ¤¹¡£

Linux: 2.2 °Ê¹ß¤Ï ext2fs ¥Ñ¡¼¥Æ¥£¥·¥ç¥ó¤ò¥µ¥Ý¡¼¥È¤·¤Þ¤¹¡£ ¾Ü¤·¤¯¤Ï¡¢mount_ext2fs(8) ¤ò¸«¤Æ¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤¡£

NT: FreeBSD ÍÑ¤ÎÆÉ¤ß¤À¤·¤Î¤ß²Äǽ¤Ê NTFS ¥É¥é¥¤¥Ð¤¬¤¢¤ê¤Þ¤¹¡£ ¾Ü¤·¤¯¤Ï¡¢Mark Ovens »á¤Ë¤è¤Ã¤Æ½ñ¤«¤ì¤¿¥Á¥å¡¼¥È¥ê¥¢¥ë http://ukug.uk.freebsd.org/~mark/ntfs_install.html ¤ò¤´Í÷¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤¡£

¤³¤ÎÌäÂê¤Ë¤Ä¤¤¤ÆÂ¾¤Î¾ðÊ󤬤¢¤ì¤Ð¡¢Â¾¤Î¿Í¤«¤é´¶¼Õ¤µ¤ì¤ë¤Ç¤·¤ç¤¦¡£

7.10. ¤É¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ë¤·¤¿¤é FreeBSD ¤ò NT ¥í¡¼¥À¡¼¤«¤éµ¯Æ°¤µ¤»¤ë¤³¤È¤¬¤Ç¤­¤Þ¤¹¤«?

¤³¤Î¼ê½ç¤Ï 2.2.x ¤È (µ¯Æ°¤¬ 3 ¤Ä¤Î¥¹¥Æ¡¼¥¸¤Ëʬ¤«¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë) 3.x ¤Î¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤È¤Ç¿¾¯°Û¤Ê¤ê¤Þ¤¹¡£

FreeBSD ¤Î¥Í¥¤¥Æ¥£¥Ö¥ë¡¼¥È¥Ñ¡¼¥Æ¥£¥·¥ç¥ó¤ÎºÇ½é¤Î¥»¥¯¥¿¤ò¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Ë¤·¤Æ DOS/NT ¥Ñ¡¼¥Æ¥£¥·¥ç¥ó¾å¤ËÃÖ¤¯¤È¤¤¤¦²è´üŪ¤Ê¥¢¥¤¥Ç¥£¥¢¤¬¤¢¤ê¤Þ¤¹¡£ ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë̾¤ò c:\bootsect.bsd (c:\bootsect.dos ¤«¤é¤ÎȯÁۤǤ¹) ¤È¤·¤¿¤È¤·¤Þ¤¹¡£ c:\boot.ini¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ò¼¡¤Î¤è¤¦¤ËÊÔ½¸¤·¤Þ¤¹¡£

[boot loader]
timeout=30
default=multi(0)disk(0)rdisk(0)partition(1)\WINDOWS
[operating systems]
multi(0)disk(0)rdisk(0)partition(1)\WINDOWS="Windows NT"
C:\BOOTSECT.BSD="FreeBSD"
C:\="DOS"

¤³¤Î¼ê½ç¤Ï¡¢ÍøÍѤ·¤Æ¤¤¤ë¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤¬ 2.2.x ¤Ç¤¢¤ê¡¢DOS¡¢NT¡¢FreeBSD ¤¢¤ë¤¤¤Ï¤½¤Î¾¤Î¥ª¥Ú¥ì¡¼¥Æ¥£¥ó¥°¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤¬¤¹¤Ù¤Æ¡¢ Ʊ¤¸¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¤Î¤½¤ì¤¾¤ì¤Î fdisk ¥Ñ¡¼¥Æ¥£¥·¥ç¥ó¤Ë¥¤¥ó¥¹¥È¡¼¥ë¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤³¤È¤òÁÛÄꤷ¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹¡£ ¤³¤ÎÎã¤Ï¡¢DOS ¤È NT ¤òºÇ½é¤Î fdisk ¥Ñ¡¼¥Æ¥£¥·¥ç¥ó¤Ë¤ª¤­¡¢ FreeBSD ¤Ï 2 ÈÖÌܤˤª¤¤¤¿¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Ç³Îǧ¤·¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹¡£ ¤Þ¤¿¡¢FreeBSD ¤Ï MBR ¤ò»È¤ï¤º¤Ë¡¢ ¥Í¥¤¥Æ¥£¥Ö¥Ñ¡¼¥Æ¥£¥·¥ç¥ó¤«¤éµ¯Æ°¤¹¤ë¤è¤¦¤ËÀßÄꤷ¤Æ¤¢¤ê¤Þ¤¹ (ÌõÃí: FreeBSD ¤Î¥¤¥ó¥¹¥È¡¼¥ë¤Ç¡¢¥Ö¡¼¥È¥Þ¥Í¥¸¥ã¤ò»È¤ï¤º¤Ëɸ½à MBR ¤ò»È¤¦¾ì¹ç¤ËÁêÅö¤·¤Þ¤¹)¡£

(¤â¤· NTFS ¤ËÊÑ´¹¤·¤Æ¤·¤Þ¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤Ê¤é)DOS ¥Õ¥©¡¼¥Þ¥Ã¥È¤Î¥Õ¥í¥Ã¥Ô¡¼¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¤« FAT ¥Ñ¡¼¥Æ¥£¥·¥ç¥ó¤ò /mnt ¤Ë DOS ¥Þ¥¦¥ó¥È¤·¤Þ¤¹¡£

# dd if=/dev/rda0a of=/mnt/bootsect.bsd bs=512 count=1

ºÆµ¯Æ°¤·¤Æ DOS ¤« NT ¤ËÀÚÂØ¤¨¤Þ¤¹¡£NTFS ¥æ¡¼¥¶¤Ï bootsect.bsd ¤ä bootsect.lnx ¤ò¥Õ¥í¥Ã¥Ô¡¼¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¤«¤é C:\ ¤Ø¥³¥Ô¡¼¤·¤Þ¤¹¡£ boot.ini ¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë°À­ (¥Ñ¡¼¥ß¥Ã¥·¥ç¥ó) ¤ÎÊѹ¹¤ò°Ê²¼¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ë¹Ô¤Ê¤¤¤Þ¤¹¡£

> attrib -s -r c:\boot.ini

¾å¤ÎÎã¤Î boot.ini ¤Ç¼¨¤·¤¿¤è¤¦¤ÊÀµ¤·¤¤¥¨¥ó¥È¥ê¤ò²Ã¤¨¡¢ ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë°À­¤ò¸µ¤ËÌᤷ¤Þ¤¹¡£

> attrib +s +r c:\boot.ini

FreeBSD ¤¬ MBR ¤«¤éµ¯Æ°¤¹¤ë¤è¤¦¤Ë¤Ê¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤ë¾ì¹ç¡¢ ¤½¤ì¤¾¤ì¤Î¥Í¥¤¥Æ¥£¥Ö¥Ñ¡¼¥Æ¥£¥·¥ç¥ó¤«¤éµ¯Æ°¤¹¤ë¤è¤¦¤ËÀßÄꤷ¤¿¸å¤Ç¡¢ DOS ¤«¤é fdisk ¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤ò¼Â¹Ô¤·¤Æ¸µ¤ËÌᤷ¤Æ¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤¡£

FreeBSD 3.X ¤Ë¤ª¤±¤ë¼ê½ç¤Ï¡¢¤³¤ì¤è¤ê¤¤¤¯¤Ö¤ó´Êñ¤Ç¤¹¡£

FreeBSD ¤¬ NT µ¯Æ°¥Ñ¡¼¥Æ¥£¥·¥ç¥ó¤È¤·¤ÆÆ±¤¸¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¤Ë¥¤¥ó¥¹¥È¡¼¥ë¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¾ì¹ç¤Ë¤Ï¡¢ /boot/boot1 ¤òñ½ã¤Ë C:\BOOTSECT.BSD ¤Ø¥³¥Ô¡¼¤·¤Þ¤¹¡£ ¤â¤· FreeBSD ¤¬°Û¤Ê¤Ã¤¿¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¤Ë¥¤¥ó¥¹¥È¡¼¥ë¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¾ì¹ç¤Ë¤Ï¡¢ /boot/boot1 ¤Ç¤Ïưºî¤·¤Þ¤»¤ó¤Î¤Ç¡¢ /boot/boot0 ¤¬É¬ÍפǤ¹¡£

Warning: ¤³¤³¤Ç /boot/boot1 ¤ÎÂå¤ï¤ê¤Ë /boot/boot0 ¤ò¥³¥Ô¡¼¤¹¤ë¤è¤¦¤Ê¤³¤È¤ò¤·¤Æ¤Ï¤¤¤±¤Þ¤»¤ó! ¤½¤¦¤¹¤ë¤È¡¢¥Ñ¡¼¥Æ¥£¥·¥ç¥ó¥Æ¡¼¥Ö¥ë¤ò¾å½ñ¤­¤·¤Æ¤·¤Þ¤¤¡¢ ¥³¥ó¥Ô¥å¡¼¥¿¤¬µ¯Æ°¤Ç¤­¤Ê¤¯¤Ê¤Ã¤Æ¤·¤Þ¤¤¤Þ¤¹¡£

/boot/boot0 ¤ò¥¤¥ó¥¹¥È¡¼¥ë¤¹¤ë¤Ë¤Ï¡¢ sysinstall ¤Î¥Ö¡¼¥È¥Þ¥Í¡¼¥¸¥ã¤òÍøÍѤ¹¤ë¤«¤É¤¦¤«¿Ò¤Í¤é¤ì¤ë²èÌÌ¤Ç FreeBSD ¥Ö¡¼¥È¥Þ¥Í¡¼¥¸¥ã¤òÁªÂò¤¹¤ëɬÍפ¬¤¢¤ê¤Þ¤¹¡£ /boot/boot0 ¤Î¥Ñ¡¼¥Æ¥£¥·¥ç¥ó¥Æ¡¼¥Ö¥ëÉôʬ¤Ï NULL ʸ»ú¤ÇËä¤á¤é¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤Î¤Ç¤¹¤¬¡¢ sysinstall ¤Ï /boot/boot0 ¤ò MBR ¤Ë¥³¥Ô¡¼¤¹¤ëÁ°¤Ë¥Ñ¡¼¥Æ¥£¥·¥ç¥ó¥Æ¡¼¥Ö¥ë¤ò¤­¤Á¤ó¤È¥³¥Ô¡¼¤·¤Æ¤¯¤ì¤ë¤«¤é¤Ç¤¹¡£

FreeBSD ¥Ö¡¼¥È¥Þ¥Í¡¼¥¸¥ã¤ÏºÇ¸å¤Ëµ¯Æ°¤·¤¿ OS ¤òµ­Ï¿¤¹¤ë¤¿¤á¤Ë ¥Ñ¡¼¥Æ¥£¥·¥ç¥ó¥Æ¡¼¥Ö¥ë¤ÎºÇ¸å¤Ëµ¯Æ°¤·¤¿ OS ¤Î¥¨¥ó¥È¥ê¤Ë¤¢¤ë¥¢¥¯¥Æ¥£¥Ö¥Õ¥é¥°¤ò¥»¥Ã¥È¤·¡¢512 ¥Ð¥¤¥ÈÁ´ÂΤò MBR ¤Ë½ñ¤­Ìᤷ¤Þ¤¹¡£ ¤³¤ì¤Ï /boot/boot0 ¤ò C:\BOOTSECT.BSD ¤Ë¥³¥Ô¡¼¤·¡¢ ¥¨¥ó¥È¥ê¤Î°ì¤Ä¤Ë¥¢¥¯¥Æ¥£¥Ö¥Õ¥é¥°¤ò¥»¥Ã¥È¤·¤Æ¶õ¤Î¥Ñ¡¼¥Æ¥£¥·¥ç¥ó¥Æ¡¼¥Ö¥ë¤ò MBR ¤Ë½ñ¤­¹þ¤à¤³¤È¤ÈƱ¤¸¤Ç¤¹¡£

7.11. FreeBSD ¤È Linux ¤ò LILO ¤«¤éµ¯Æ°¤¹¤ë¤Ë¤Ï?

FreeBSD ¤È Linux ¤¬Æ±¤¸¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¤Ë¥¤¥ó¥¹¥È¡¼¥ë¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¾ì¹ç¡¢ ñ¤Ë Linux °Ê³°¤Î OS ¤òµ¯Æ°¤¹¤ë¤¿¤á¤Î LILO ¤Î¥¤¥ó¥¹¥È¡¼¥ë¼ê½ç¤Ë ½¾¤¨¤Ð¤¤¤¤¤À¤±¤Ç¤¹¡£Èó¾ï¤Ë´Êñ¤Ë¤Ç¤Ï¤¢¤ê¤Þ¤¹¤¬¡¢µ­¤·¤Æ¤ß¤Þ¤·¤ç¤¦¡£

Linux ¤òµ¯Æ°¤·¡¢/etc/lilo.conf ¤Ë°Ê²¼¤Î¹Ô¤ò²Ã¤¨¤Æ ¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤¡£

other=/dev/hda2
        table=/dev/hda
        label=FreeBSD

(¾åµ­¤Î¼ê½ç¤Ï FreeBSD ¤Î¥¹¥é¥¤¥¹¤¬ Linux ¤«¤é /dev/hda2 ¤È¤¤¤¦Ì¾Á°¤Ç¸«¤¨¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤È²¾Äꤷ¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹¡£ ¤¢¤Ê¤¿¤ÎÀßÄê¤Ë¤¢¤ï¤»¤Æ¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤) ¤½¤Î¸å¡¢lilo ¤ò root ¤Ç¼Â¹Ô¤¹¤ì¤Ð´°Î»¤Ç¤¹¡£

FreeBSD ¤¬Ê̤Υǥ£¥¹¥¯¤Ë¥¤¥ó¥¹¥È¡¼¥ë¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤Î¤Ê¤é¡¢ LILO ¤Î¥¨¥ó¥È¥ê¤Ë loader=/boot/chain.b ¤òÄɲ䷤Ƥ¯¤À¤µ¤¤¡£¤¿¤È¤¨¤Ð¡¢¤³¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ë¤Ê¤ê¤Þ¤¹¡£

other=/dev/dab4
        table=/dev/dab
        loader=/boot/chain.b
        label=FreeBSD

¾ì¹ç¤Ë¤è¤Ã¤Æ¤Ï¡¢Æó¤ÄÌܤΥǥ£¥¹¥¯¤òÀµ¤·¤¯µ¯Æ°¤¹¤ë¤¿¤á¤Ë FreeBSD ¥Ö¡¼¥È¥í¡¼¥À¤Ë BIOS ¥É¥é¥¤¥ÖÈÖ¹æ¤ò»ØÄꤹ¤ëɬÍפ¬¤¢¤ë¤«¤â¤·¤ì¤Þ¤»¤ó¡£ ¤¿¤È¤¨¤Ð¡¢FreeBSD SCSI ¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¤¬ BIOS ¤Ë¤è¤Ã¤Æ BIOS ¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯ 1 ¤È¤·¤ÆÇ§¼±¤µ¤ì¤ë¤Î¤Ê¤é¡¢ FreeBSD ¤Î¥Ö¡¼¥È¥í¡¼¥À¤Î¥×¥í¥ó¥×¥È¤Ç¡¢¼¡¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ë»ØÄꤹ¤ëɬÍפ¬¤¢¤ê¤Þ¤¹¡£

Boot: 1:da(0,a)/kernel

FreeBSD 2.2.5 ¤ä¤½¤ì°Ê¹ß¤ÎÈǤǤϡ¢boot(8) ¤òÀßÄꤹ¤ì¤Ð µ¯Æ°»þ¤Ë¾åµ­¤Î¤³¤È¤¬¼«Æ°Åª¤Ë¹Ô¤¨¤Þ¤¹¡£

Linux+FreeBSD mini-HOWTO ¤¬ FreeBSD ¤È Linux ¤È¤òÁê¸ß¤Ë»È¤¨¤ë¤è¤¦¤Ë¤¹¤ë¤¿¤á¤Î¤è¤¤»²¹Í»ñÎÁ¤Ë¤Ê¤ë¤Ç¤·¤ç¤¦¡£

7.12. FreeBSD ¤È Linux ¤ò BootEasy ¤«¤éµ¯Æ°¤¹¤ë¤Ë¤Ï?

LILO ¤ò¥Þ¥¹¥¿¡¼¥Ö¡¼¥È¥ì¥³¡¼¥É (MBR) ¤Ç¤Ï¤Ê¤¯ Linux ¤Îµ¯Æ°¥Ñ¡¼¥Æ¥£¥·¥ç¥ó¤Ë¥¤¥ó¥¹¥È¡¼¥ë¤·¤Æ¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤¡£ ¤³¤ì¤Ç BootEasy ¤«¤é LILO ¤òµ¯Æ°¤Ç¤­¤ë¤è¤¦¤Ë¤Ê¤ê¤Þ¤¹¡£

Windows95 ¤È Linux ¤ò»ÈÍѤ·¤Æ¤¤¤ë¾ì¹ç¤Ï¡¢ ¤¤¤º¤ì¤Ë¤»¤è¸å¼Ô¤ÎÊý¤¬¤ª¤¹¤¹¤á¤Ç¤¹¡£ Windows95 ¤òºÆ¥¤¥ó¥¹¥È¡¼¥ë¤¹¤ëɬÍפˤ«¤é¤ì¤¿¤È¤­¡¢ Linux ¤òµ¯Æ°²Äǽ¤ËÌ᤹¼ê³¤­¤¬´Êñ¤Ç¤¹¤à¤«¤é¤Ç¤¹ (Windows95 ¤ÏÊжþ¤Ê¥ª¥Ú¥ì¡¼¥Æ¥£¥ó¥°¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Ç¡¢ ¥Þ¥¹¥¿¡¼¥Ö¡¼¥È¥ì¥³¡¼¥É (MBR) ¤«¤é¾¤Î¥ª¥Ú¥ì¡¼¥Æ¥£¥ó¥°¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤òÄɤ¤Ê§¤Ã¤Æ¤·¤Þ¤¦¤Î¤Ç¤¹)¡£

7.13. ¡Ö´í¸±³Ð¸ç¤ÎÀìÍÑ (dangerously dedicated) ¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¡×¤Ï·ò¹¯¤Ë°­¤¤¤Î?

¥¤¥ó¥¹¥È¡¼¥ëºî¶ÈÃæ¡¢ ¥Ï¡¼¥É¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¤Î¥Ñ¡¼¥Æ¥£¥·¥ç¥ó¤òÀÚ¤ëºÝ¤Ë 2 ¤Ä¤ÎÊýË¡¤òÁª¤Ö¤³¤È¤¬¤Ç¤­¤Þ¤¹¡£ ¥Ç¥Õ¥©¥ë¥È¤ÎÊýË¡¤Ç¤Ï¡¢fdisk ¤Î¥Æ¡¼¥Ö¥ë¥¨¥ó¥È¥ê (FreeBSD ¤Ç¤Ï¥¹¥é¥¤¥¹¤È¸Æ¤Ð¤ì¤ë) ¤ò»È¤Ã¤Æ¡¢ ¼«¿È¤Î¥Ñ¡¼¥Æ¥£¥·¥ç¥ó¤ò»ÈÍѤ¹¤ë FreeBSD ¤Î¥¹¥é¥¤¥¹¤ò¡¢ Ʊ¤¸¥Þ¥·¥ó¤Î¾¤Î¥ª¥Ú¥ì¡¼¥Æ¥£¥ó¥°¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤È¸ß´¹À­¤Î¤¢¤ë·Á¤Ë¤·¤Þ¤¹¡£ ¤½¤ì¤ËÉտ路¤Æ¡¢¥Ö¡¼¥È¥»¥ì¥¯¥¿¤ò¥¤¥ó¥¹¥È¡¼¥ë¤¹¤ì¤Ð¡¢ ¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¾å¤Î»ÈÍѲÄǽ¤Ê¥ª¥Ú¥ì¡¼¥Æ¥£¥ó¥°¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤òÀÚ¤êÂØ¤¨¤ë¤³¤È¤¬¤Ç¤­¤Þ¤¹¡£ ¤â¤¦°ì¤Ä¤ÎÊýË¡¤Ï¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¤¹¤Ù¤Æ¤ò FreeBSD ¤Ç»È¤¦¤È¤¤¤¦¤â¤Î¤Ç¡¢ ¤³¤Î¾ì¹ç¤Û¤«¤Î¥ª¥Ú¥ì¡¼¥Æ¥£¥ó¥°¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤È¤Î¸ß´¹À­¤ò¹Íθ¤·¤Ê¤¤¤³¤È¤Ë¤Ê¤ê¤Þ¤¹¡£

¤Ç¤Ï¡¢¤Ê¤¼¤³¤ì¤¬ ¡Ö´í¸±³Ð¸ç¤Î¡×¤È¸À¤ï¤ì¤ë¤Î¤Ç¤·¤ç¤¦? ¤³¤Î¥â¡¼¥É¤Î¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¤¬¡¢Ä̾ï¤Î PC ¤Î¥æ¡¼¥Æ¥£¥ê¥Æ¥£¤¬Í­¸ú¤Ê fdisk ¥Æ¡¼¥Ö¥ë¤È¸«¤Ê¤¹¾ðÊó¤ò»ý¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤Ê¤¤¤«¤é¤Ç¤¹¡£ ¥æ¡¼¥Æ¥£¥ê¥Æ¥£¤Î½ÐÍèÇ¡²¿¤Ë¤è¤ê¤Þ¤¹¤¬¡¢ ¤½¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ê¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¤òȯ¸«¤·¤¿¤È¤­¡¢ ·Ù¹ð¤ò½Ð¤¹¤â¤Î¤â¤¢¤ê¤Þ¤¹¡£¤Þ¤¿¡¢¤â¤Ã¤È°­¤¤¾ì¹ç¡¢ ³Îǧ¤âÄ̹ð¤â¤Ê¤·¤Ë BSD ¤Î¥Ö¡¼¥È¥¹¥È¥é¥Ã¥×¤Ë¥À¥á¡¼¥¸¤òÍ¿¤¨¤ë¤â¤Î¤â¤¢¤ë¤Ç¤·¤ç¤¦¡£ ¤µ¤é¤Ë¤Ï¡¢¡Ö´í¸±³Ð¸ç¤Î¡×¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¥ì¥¤¥¢¥¦¥È¤Ï¿¿ô¤Î BIOS¡¢ AWARD (¤¿¤È¤¨¤Ð HP Netserver ¤ä Micronics ¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¡¢ ¾¿¿ô¤Ç»ÈÍѤµ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤¿) ¤ä Symbios/NCR (¿Íµ¤¤Î¤¢¤ëSCSI ¥³¥ó¥È¥í¡¼¥é 53C8xx ÍÑ) ¤Ê¤É¤òº®Í𤵤»¤ë¤³¤È¤¬Ê¬¤«¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹¡£ ¤³¤ì¤Ï´°Á´¤Ê¥ê¥¹¥È¤Ç¤Ï¤¢¤ê¤Þ¤»¤ó¡£ ¾¤Ë¤â¤Þ¤À¤Þ¤À¤¢¤ê¤Þ¤¹¡£¤³¤Îº®Íð¤ÎÃû¸õ¤Ï¡¢ µ¯Æ°»þ¤Ë¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤¬¥í¥Ã¥¯¤¹¤ë¤È¤¤¤¦¤À¤±¤Ç¤Ê¤¯¡¢ FreeBSD ¤Î¥Ö¡¼¥È¥¹¥È¥é¥Ã¥×¤¬¼«Ê¬¼«¿È¤ò¸«¤Ä¤±¤é¤ì¤Ê¤¤¤¿¤á¤Ëɽ¼¨¤¹¤ë read error ¤È¤¤¤¦¥á¥Ã¥»¡¼¥¸¤Ê¤É¤Ë¤â¸½¤ì¤ë¤³¤È¤Ç¤·¤ç¤¦¡£

¤½¤â¤½¤â¤¤¤Ã¤¿¤¤¤Ê¤¼¤³¤Î¥â¡¼¥É¤¬¤¢¤ë¤Î¤Ç¤·¤ç¤¦¤«? ¤³¤ì¤Ï¤ï¤º¤«¤Ë¿ô¥­¥í¥Ð¥¤¥È¤Î¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯ÍÆÎ̤òÀáÌ󤹤ë¤Î¤ß¤Ç¤¢¤ê¡¢ ¿·µ¬¥¤¥ó¥¹¥È¡¼¥ë¤Ç¼ÂºÝ¤ËÌäÂê¤òÀ¸¤º¤ë¤Î¤Ç¤¹¡£ ¡Ö´í¸±³Ð¸ç¤Î¡×¥â¡¼¥É¤Îµ¯¸»¤Ï¿·¤·¤¤ FreeBSD ¥¤¥ó¥¹¥È¡¼¥é¤Ç¤Î¡¢ BIOS ¤«¤é¸«¤¨¤ë¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¤Î ¡Ö¥¸¥ª¥á¥È¥ê¡×¤ÎÃͤȥǥ£¥¹¥¯¼«¿È¤È¤ÎÀ°¹çÀ­¤È¤¤¤¦¡¢ ¤â¤Ã¤È¤â°ìÈÌŪ¤ÊÌäÂê¤Î¤Ò¤È¤Ä¤ò²óÈò¤·¤¿¤¤¤È¤¤¤¦Í×µá¤¬ÇØ·Ê¤Ë¤¢¤ê¤Þ¤¹¡£

¡Ö¥¸¥ª¥á¥È¥ê¡×¤Ï»þÂåÃÙ¤ì¤Î³µÇ°¤Ç¤¹¤¬¡¢ ̤¤À¤Ë PC BIOS ¤È¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¤Ø¤ÎÁê¸ßºîÍѤÎÃæ³Ë¤ò¤Ê¤·¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹¡£ FreeBSD ¤Î¥¤¥ó¥¹¥È¡¼¥é¤¬¥¹¥é¥¤¥¹¤òºî¤ë»þ¡¢ ¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¾å¤Î¥¹¥é¥¤¥¹¤ò BIOS ¤¬¸«¤Ä¤±¤é¤ì¤ë¤è¤¦¤Ë¡¢ ¥¹¥é¥¤¥¹°ÌÃÖ¤ò¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¾å¤Ëµ­Ï¿¤·¤Þ¤¹¡£¤½¤ì¤¬¸í¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤ì¤Ð¡¢ µ¯Æ°¤Ç¤­¤Ê¤¯¤Ê¤Ã¤Æ¤·¤Þ¤¦¤Ç¤·¤ç¤¦¡£

¡Ö´í¸±³Ð¸ç¤Î¡×¥â¡¼¥É¤Ï¤³¤ì¤ò¡¢ ÌäÂê¤òñ½ã¤Ë¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¤Ç²óÈò¤·¤è¤¦¤È¤·¤Þ¤¹¡£ ¾õ¶·¤Ë¤è¤Ã¤Æ¤Ï¤³¤ì¤Ç¤¦¤Þ¤¯¤¤¤­¤Þ¤¹¡£ ¤·¤«¤·¼¡Á±¤Îºö¤È¤·¤Æ»È¤ï¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤Ë²á¤®¤Þ¤»¤ó¡£ ¤³¤ÎÌäÂê¤ò²ò·è¤¹¤ë¤â¤Ã¤ÈÎɤ¤ÊýË¡¤Ï¤¤¤¯¤é¤Ç¤â¤¢¤ë¤Î¤Ç¤¹¡£

¤Ç¤Ï¡¢ ¥¤¥ó¥¹¥È¡¼¥ë»þ¤Ë¡Ö´í¸±³Ð¸ç¤ÎÀìÍѡץ⡼¥É¤¬É¬Í×¤Ë¤Ê¤ë ¾õ¶·¤ò²óÈò¤¹¤ë¤Ë¤Ï¤É¤¦¤¹¤ì¤Ð¤è¤¤¤Î¤Ç¤·¤ç¤¦¤«? ¤Þ¤º BIOS ¤¬Êó¹ð¤¹¤ë¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¤Î¥¸¥ª¥á¥È¥ê¤ÎÃͤò³Ð¤¨¤Æ¤ª¤¯¤³¤È¤«¤é¤Ï¤¸¤á¤Þ¤·¤ç¤¦¡£ boot: ¥×¥í¥ó¥×¥È¤Ç -v ¤ò»ØÄꤹ¤ë¤«¡¢¥í¡¼¥À¤Ç boot -v ¤È»ØÄꤷ¤Æ¡¢ µ¯Æ°»þ¤Ë¥«¡¼¥Í¥ë¤Ë¤³¤ÎÃͤòɽ¼¨¤µ¤»¤ë¤³¤È¤¬¤Ç¤­¤Þ¤¹¡£ ¥¤¥ó¥¹¥È¡¼¥é¤¬µ¯Æ°¤¹¤ëľÁ°¤Ë¡¢ ¥«¡¼¥Í¥ë¤¬¥¸¥ª¥á¥È¥êÃͤΥꥹ¥È¤òɽ¼¨¤¹¤ë¤Ç¤·¤ç¤¦¡£ ¥Ñ¥Ë¥Ã¥¯¤òµ¯¤³¤µ¤Ê¤¤¤Ç¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤¡£ ¥¤¥ó¥¹¥È¡¼¥é¤¬µ¯Æ°¤¹¤ë¤Î¤òÂÔ¤Á¡¢ µÕ¥¹¥¯¥í¡¼¥ë¤Ç¤µ¤«¤Î¤Ü¤Ã¤ÆÃͤò³Îǧ¤·¤Æ¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤¡£ ÉáÄÌ¤Ï BIOS ¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¥æ¥Ë¥Ã¥ÈÈÖ¹æ¤Ï¡¢ FreeBSD ¤¬¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¤ò¸¡½Ð¤¹¤ë½ç½ø¤ÈƱÍͤǤ¢¤ê¡¢ ºÇ½é¤Ë IDE¡¢¼¡¤Ë SCSI ¤È¤Ê¤ê¤Þ¤¹¡£

¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¤ò¥¹¥é¥¤¥·¥ó¥°¤¹¤ëºÝ¤Ë¡¢ FDISK ¤Î²èÌ̤Çɽ¼¨¤µ¤ì¤ë¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¤Î¥¸¥ª¥á¥È¥ê¤¬Àµ¤·¤¤¤³¤È (BIOS ¤ÎÊÖ¤¹ÃͤȰìÃפ·¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤«) ¤ò³Îǧ¤·¤Æ¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤¡£ Ëü°ì°Û¤Ê¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤¿¤é g ¤ò²¡¤·¤Æ½¤Àµ¤·¤Æ¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤¡£ ¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¤Ë¤Þ¤Ã¤¿¤¯¤Ê¤Ë¤â¤Ê¤¤¾ì¹ç¤ä¡¢ ¾¤Î¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤«¤é»ý¤Ã¤Æ¤­¤¿¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¤Î¾ì¹ç¤Ï ¤³¤ì¤ò¹Ô¤Ê¤¦É¬Íפ¬¤¢¤ë¤«¤â¤·¤ì¤Þ¤»¤ó¡£ ¤³¤ì¤Ï¤½¤Î¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¤«¤éµ¯Æ°¤µ¤»¤è¤¦¤È¤·¤Æ¤¤¤ë¾ì¹ç¤Ë¤Î¤ß¡¢ ÌäÂê¤Ë¤Ê¤ë¤³¤È¤ËÃí°Õ¤·¤Æ¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤¡£ FreeBSD ¤Ï¤½¤Î¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¤ò¤¦¤Þ¤¤¶ñ¹ç¤¤¤Ë¾¤Î¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¤È¶èÊ̤·¤Æ¤¯¤ì¤Þ¤¹¡£

¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¤Î¥¸¥ª¥á¥È¥ê¤Ë¤Ä¤¤¤Æ BIOS ¤È FreeBSD ´Ö¤Ç°ìÃפµ¤»¤ë¤³¤È¤¬¤Ç¤­¤¿¤é¡¢¤³¤ÎÌäÂê¤Ï¤Û¤Ü²ò·è¤·¤¿¤È»×¤Ã¤Æ¤è¤¤¤Ç¤·¤ç¤¦¡£ ¤½¤·¤Æ¤â¤Ï¤ä¡Ö´í¸±³Ð¸ç¤ÎÀìÍѡץ⡼¥É¤ÏɬÍפ¢¤ê¤Þ¤»¤ó¡£ ¤·¤«¤·¡¢¤Þ¤Àµ¯Æ°»þ¤Ë¶²ÉݤΠread error ¥á¥Ã¥»¡¼¥¸¤¬½Ð¤ë¤è¤¦¤Ç¤¢¤ì¤Ð¡¢ ¤ªµ§¤ê¤òÊû¤²¤Æ¿·¤·¤¤¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¤òÇ㤤¤Þ¤·¤ç¤¦¡£ ¤â¤¦¼º¤¦¤â¤Î¤Ï²¿¤â¤¢¤ê¤Þ¤»¤ó¡£

¡Ö´í¸±³Ð¸ç¤ÎÀìÍѥǥ£¥¹¥¯¡×¤òÄ̾ï¤Î PC ¤Ç¤Î»ÈÍÑË¡¤ËÌ᤹¤Ë¤Ï¡¢ ¸¶Â§¤È¤·¤Æ 2 ¤ÄÊýË¡¤¬¤¢¤ê¤Þ¤¹¡£1 ¤Ä¤Ï½½Ê¬¤Ê NULL ¥Ð¥¤¥È¤ò MBR ¤Ë½ñ¤­¹þ¤ó¤Ç¡¢ ¤­¤¿¤ë¤Ù¤­¥¤¥ó¥¹¥È¡¼¥é¤Ë¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¤Ï¤Þ¤Ã¤µ¤é¤À¤È»×¤¤¹þ¤Þ¤»¤ëÊýË¡¤Ç¤¹¡£ ¤¿¤È¤¨¤Ð¡¢¤³¤ó¤Ê´¶¤¸¤Ç¤¹¡£

# dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/rda0 count=15

¤Þ¤¿¡¢¥Þ¥Ë¥å¥¢¥ë¤Ë¤Ï½ñ¤«¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤Ê¤¤ DOS ¤Î¡Öµ¡Ç½¡×

> fdisk /mbr
¤Ï¡¢BSD ¥Ö¡¼¥È¥¹¥È¥é¥Ã¥×¤òÄɤ¤Ê§¤Ã¤Æ¤¯¤ì¤ë¾å¤Ë¡¢ ¿·¤·¤¤¥Þ¥¹¥¿¡¼¥Ö¡¼¥È¥ì¥³¡¼¥É¤ò¥¤¥ó¥¹¥È¡¼¥ë¤·¤Æ¤¯¤ì¤Þ¤¹¡£

7.14. ¤É¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ë¤·¤¿¤é¥¹¥ï¥Ã¥×Îΰè¤òÁý¤ä¤»¤Þ¤¹¤«?

¥¹¥ï¥Ã¥×¥Ñ¡¼¥Æ¥£¥·¥ç¥ó¤Î¥µ¥¤¥º¤òÁý¤ä¤¹¤Î¤¬ºÇÎɤÎÊýË¡¤Ç¤¹¤¬¡¢ Ê̤Υǥ£¥¹¥¯¤òÄɲ䷤ʤ¯¤ÆºÑ¤à¤È¤¤¤¦ÍøÅÀ¤Î¤¢¤ëÊýË¡¤¬¤¢¤ê¤Þ¤¹¡£ ·Ð¸³¤«¤éÆÀ¤¿°ìÈÌŪ¤ÊÊýË¡¤Ï¥á¥¤¥ó¥á¥â¥ê¤Î 2ÇÜÄøÅ٤Υ¹¥ï¥Ã¥×Îΰè¤ò ¤È¤ë¤È¤¤¤¦¤â¤Î¤Ç¤¹¡£¤·¤«¤·¤´¤¯¾®¤µ¤Ê¥á¥¤¥ó¥á¥â¥ê¤·¤«¤Ê¤¤¾ì¹ç¤Ï¡¢ ¤½¤ì°Ê¾å¤Î¥¹¥ï¥Ã¥×¤ò¹½À®¤·¤¿¤¤¤È»×¤¦¤Ç¤·¤ç¤¦¡£¤Þ¤¿¡¢¾­Íè¤Î¥á¥â¥ê¤Î ¥¢¥Ã¥×¥°¥ì¡¼¥É¤ËÈ÷¤¨¡¢¸å¤Ç¥¹¥ï¥Ã¥×¤Î¹½À®¤òÊѹ¹¤¹¤ëɬÍפ¬¤Ê¤¤¤è¤¦¤Ë ½½Ê¬¤Ê¥¹¥ï¥Ã¥×¤ò¹½À®¤·¤Æ¤ª¤¯¤³¤È¤ÏÎɤ¤¹Í¤¨¤Ç¤¹¡£

¥¹¥ï¥Ã¥×¤òÊ̤Υǥ£¥¹¥¯¾å¤ËÄɲ乤뤳¤È¤Ï¡¢Ã±½ã¤ËƱ¤¸¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¾å ¤Ë¥¹¥ï¥Ã¥×¤òÄɲ乤ë¾ì¹ç¤è¤ê¤â¹â®¤Ëưºî¤¹¤ë¤è¤¦¤Ë¤Ê¤ê¤Þ¤¹¡£ Îã¤Ëµó¤²¤ì¤Ð¡¢¤¢¤ë¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¾å¤Î¥½¡¼¥¹¤ò¥³¥ó¥Ñ¥¤¥ë¤·¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤È¤·¤Æ¡¢ ¥¹¥ï¥Ã¥×¤¬Ê̤Υǥ£¥¹¥¯¾å¤Ëºî¤é¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ì¤Ð¡¢¤³¤ì¤é¤¬Æ±¤¸¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¾å ¤Ë¤¢¤ë¾ì¹ç¤è¤ê¤âÃÇÁ³Â®¤¤¤Ç¤¹¡£SCSI ¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¤Î¾ì¹ç¤ÏÆÃ¤Ë¤½¤¦¤À¤È¸À¤¨¤Þ¤¹¡£

¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¤¬Ê£¿ô¤¢¤ë¾ì¹ç¡¢¥¹¥ï¥Ã¥×¥Ñ¡¼¥Æ¥£¥·¥ç¥ó¤ò³Æ¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¤Ë ºî¤ë¤è¤¦¤Ë¹½À®¤¹¤ë¤È¡¢»ÈÍÑÃæ¤Î¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¾å¤Ë¥¹¥ï¥Ã¥×¤òÃÖ¤¤¤¿¤È¤·¤Æ¤â¡¢ Ä̾ï¤Î¾ì¹ç¤ÏÍ­±×¤Ç¤¹¡£°ìÈÌŪ¤Ë¡¢¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Ë¤¢¤ë¹â®¤Ê¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¤Ë¤Ï ¥¹¥ï¥Ã¥×¤òºî¤ë¤è¤¦¤Ë¤¹¤Ù¤­¤Ç¤·¤ç¤¦¡£ FreeBSD ¤Ï¥Ç¥Õ¥©¥ë¥È¤Ç¥¤¥ó¥¿¡¼¥ê¡¼¥Ö¤Ê¥¹¥ï¥Ã¥×¥Ç¥Ð¥¤¥¹¤ò 4¤Ä¤Þ¤Ç ¥µ¥Ý¡¼¥È¤·¤Þ¤¹¡£Ê£¿ô¤Î¥¹¥ï¥Ã¥×¥Ñ¡¼¥Æ¥£¥·¥ç¥ó¤ò¹½À®¤¹¤ëºÝ¤Ë¡¢ ÉáÄ̤Ϥ½¤ì¤é¤òÂçÂÎÆ±¤¸¤¯¤é¤¤¤ÎÂ礭¤µ¤Ë¤·¤Æºî¤ê¤¿¤¤¤È¤³¤í¤Ç¤¹¤¬¡¢ ¥«¡¼¥Í¥ë¤Î¥³¥¢¥À¥ó¥×¤ò¼è¤ë¤Î¤ËÅԹ礬Îɤ¤¤è¤¦¤Ë¥á¥¤¥ó¤Î ¥¹¥ï¥Ã¥×¥Ñ¡¼¥Æ¥£¥·¥ç¥ó¤òÂ礭¤á¤Ë¤È¤ë¿Í¤â¤¤¤Þ¤¹¡£ ¥á¥¤¥ó¤Î¥¹¥ï¥Ã¥×¥Ñ¡¼¥Æ¥£¥·¥ç¥ó¤Ï¥«¡¼¥Í¥ë¤Î¥³¥¢¤¬¤È¤ì¤ë¤è¤¦¤Ë ºÇÄã¤Ç¤â¼Â¥á¥â¥ê¤ÈƱ¤¸Â礭¤µ¤Ë¤¹¤Ù¤­¤Ç¤·¤ç¤¦¡£

IDE ¥É¥é¥¤¥Ö¤ÏƱ»þ¤ËƱ¤¸¥Á¥ã¥Í¥ë¾å¤ÎÊ£¿ô¤Î¥É¥é¥¤¥Ö¤Ë¤Ï ¥¢¥¯¥»¥¹¤Ç¤­¤Þ¤»¤ó (FreeBSD ¤Ï mode 4 ¤ò¥µ¥Ý¡¼¥È¤·¤Æ¤¤¤Ê¤¤¤Î¤Ç¡¢ ¤¹¤Ù¤Æ¤Î IDE ¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯ I/O ¤Ï programmed ¤Ç¤¹)¡£ IDE ¤Î¾ì¹ç¤Ç¤¢¤Ã¤Æ¤â¤ä¤Ï¤ê¡¢¥¹¥ï¥Ã¥×¤òÊ̤Υϡ¼¥É¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¾å¤Ë ºîÀ®¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¤ò¤ª¤¹¤¹¤á¤·¤Þ¤¹¡£ ¥É¥é¥¤¥Ö¤Ï¼Â¤Ë°Â¤¤¤â¤Î¤Ç¤¹¡¢¿´ÇÛ¤¹¤ë¤À¤±ÌµÂ̤Ǥ¹¡£

NFS ±Û¤·¤Ë¥¹¥ï¥Ã¥Ô¥ó¥°¤µ¤»¤ëÊýË¡¤Ï¡¢ ¥¹¥ï¥Ã¥×ÍÑ¤Î¥í¡¼¥«¥ë¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¤¬Ìµ¤¤¾ì¹ç¤Ë¤Î¤ß¿ä¾©¤µ¤ì¤Þ¤¹¡£ NFS ±Û¤·¤Î¥¹¥ï¥Ã¥Ô¥ó¥°¤ÏÃÙ¤¯¡¢FreeBSD 4.x ¤è¤êÁ°¤Î¥ê¥ê¡¼¥¹¤Ç¤Ï ¸úΨ¤¬°­¤¤¤Î¤Ç¤¹¤¬¡¢4.0 °Ê¹ß¤Ç¤Ï¤½¤ì¤Ê¤ê¤Ë¹â®¤Ë¤Ê¤ê¤Þ¤¹¡£ ¤½¤¦¤Ï¤¤¤Ã¤Æ¤â¡¢ÍøÍѤǤ­¤ë¥Í¥Ã¥È¥ï¡¼¥¯¤ÎÂÀ¤µ¤ËÀ©¸Â¤µ¤ì¤Þ¤¹¤·¡¢ NFS ¥µ¡¼¥Ð¤Ë;·×¤ÊÉé²Ù¤¬¤«¤«¤ê¤Þ¤¹¡£

¤³¤ì¤Ï 64MB¤Î vn-swap ¤òºî¤ëÎã¤Ç¤¹ (¤³¤³¤Ç¤Ï /usr/swap0 ¤È¤·¤Þ¤¹¤¬¡¢¤â¤Á¤í¤ó¹¥¤­¤Ê̾Á°¤ò»È¤¦¤³¤È¤¬¤Ç¤­¤Þ¤¹)¡£

¥«¡¼¥Í¥ë¤¬¼¡¤Î¹Ô¤ò´Þ¤à¥³¥ó¥Õ¥£¥°¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤«¤é¹½À®¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤«¤ò ³Îǧ¤·¤Þ¤¹¡£GENERIC ¥«¡¼¥Í¥ë¤Ë¤Ï¡¢¤³¤Î¹Ô¤¬´Þ¤Þ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹¡£

pseudo-device   vn 1   #Vnode driver (turns a file into a device)
  1. vn ¥Ç¥Ð¥¤¥¹¤òºî¤ê¤Þ¤¹

    # cd /dev
    # sh ./MAKEDEV vn0
    
  2. ¥¹¥ï¥Ã¥×¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤òºî¤ê¤Þ¤¹ (/usr/swap0)

    # dd if=/dev/zero of=/usr/swap0 bs=1024k count=64
    
  3. ¥¹¥ï¥Ã¥×¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ËŬÀڤʥѡ¼¥ß¥Ã¥·¥ç¥ó¤òÀßÄꤷ¤Þ¤¹

    # chmod 0600 /usr/swap0
    
  4. /etc/rc.conf ¤Ç¥¹¥ï¥Ã¥×¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤òÍ­¸ú²½¤µ¤»¤Þ¤¹

    swapfile="/usr/swap0"   # Set to name of swapfile if aux swapfile desired.
    
  5. ¥Þ¥·¥ó¤òºÆµ¯Æ°¤·¤Þ¤¹

¥¹¥ï¥Ã¥×¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ò¤¹¤°¤ËÍ­¸ú²½¤µ¤»¤¿¤¤¤Î¤Ê¤é°Ê²¼¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ë¥¿¥¤¥×¤·¤Þ¤¹¡£

# vnconfig -e /dev/vn0b /usr/swap0 swap

7.15. ¥×¥ê¥ó¥¿¤Î¥»¥Ã¥È¥¢¥Ã¥×¤ÇÌäÂ꤬¤¢¤ê¤Þ¤¹

¥Ï¥ó¥É¥Ö¥Ã¥¯¤Î¥×¥ê¥ó¥¿¤ÎÉôʬ¤ò»²¾È¤·¤Æ¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤¡£ õ¤·¤Æ¤¤¤ëÌäÂê¤Î¤Û¤È¤ó¤É¤¬½ñ¤«¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤Ï¤º¤Ç¤¹¡£ FreeBSD ¥Ï¥ó¥É¥Ö¥Ã¥¯¤Î¡Ö¥×¥ê¥ó¥¿¤ÎÍøÍѡפò¤´Í÷¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤¡£

¥×¥ê¥ó¥¿¤Ë¤è¤Ã¤Æ¤Ï¡¢°õºþ¤¹¤ë¤Î¤Ë¥Û¥¹¥È¦¤Ë¥É¥é¥¤¥Ð¤¬ ɬÍפǤ¹¡£¤³¤ì¤é WinPrinters ¤È¸Æ¤Ð¤ì¤ë¤â¤Î¤Ï¡¢ ÁǤΠFreeBSD ¤Ç¤Ï»È¤¨¤Þ¤»¤ó¡£DOS ¤ä Windows NT 4.0 ¤Çưºî¤·¤Ê¤¤ ¤Ê¤é¡¢¤½¤Î¥×¥ê¥ó¥¿¤Ï¤ª¤½¤é¤¯ WinPrinter ¤Ç¤·¤ç¤¦¡£ ¤¿¤À¤·¡¢Í£°ì¤Î´õ˾¤¬»Ä¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹¡£ ports/print/pnm2ppa ¤Î port ¤¬ Âбþ¤·¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤«¤É¤¦¤«³Îǧ¤·¤Æ¤ß¤Æ¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤¡£ ¥Ñ¥Ã¥±¡¼¥¸¤ÎÀâÌÀ¤Ë¤Ï¤³¤¦½ñ¤¤¤Æ¤¢¤ê¤Þ¤¹¡£

¤³¤Î¥½¥Õ¥È¥¦¥§¥¢¤Ï PPA (printer performance architecture) ¥×¥í¥È¥³¥ë¤Î½ÐÎϤò¹Ô¤¤¤Þ¤¹¡£¤³¤Î¥×¥í¥È¥³¥ë ¤Ï HP ¤Î "Windows ÀìÍÑ" ¥×¥ê¥ó¥¿¤Î°ìÉô¤Ë»È¤ï¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹¡£ ¤½¤Î¤Ê¤«¤Ë¤Ï¡¢HP Deskjet 820C ¥·¥ê¡¼¥º¡¢HP DeskJet 720 ¥·¥ê¡¼¥º¡¢¤ª¤è¤Ó HP DeskJet 1000 ¥·¥ê¡¼¥º¤¬¤¢¤ê¤Þ¤¹¡£(ά)

WWW: http://pnm2ppa.sourceforge.net/

7.16. »ä¤Î¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Î¥­¡¼¥Ü¡¼¥É¥Þ¥Ã¥Ô¥ó¥°¤Ï´Ö°ã¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹¡£

kbdcontrol ¥×¥í¥°¥é¥à¤Ï¡¢ ¥­¡¼¥Ü¡¼¥É¥Þ¥Ã¥×¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤òÆÉ¤ß¹þ¤à¤¿¤á¤Î¥ª¥×¥·¥ç¥ó¤òÈ÷¤¨¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹¡£ /usr/share/syscons/keymaps ¤Î²¼¤Ë¤¿¤¯¤µ¤ó¤Î¥Þ¥Ã¥×¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤¬¤¢¤ê¤Þ¤¹¡£ ¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Ë´ØÏ¢¤Î¤¢¤ë¤â¤Î¤ò°ì¤ÄÁª¤ó¤Ç¡¢¥í¡¼¥É¤·¤Æ¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤¡£

# kbdcontrol -l uk.iso

/usr/share/syscons/keymaps ¤È³ÈÄ¥»Ò .kbd ¤Ï¡¢¤É¤Á¤é¤â kbdcontrol(1) ¤Ë¤è¤Ã¤Æ»ÈÍѤµ¤ì¤Þ¤¹¡£

¤³¤ì¤Ï /etc/sysconfig (¤Þ¤¿¤Ï rc.conf(5)) Ãæ¤ÇÀßÄꤹ¤ë¤³¤È¤¬¤Ç¤­¤Þ¤¹¡£ ¤³¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ëÃæ¤Ë¤¢¤ë¤½¤ì¤¾¤ì¤Î¥³¥á¥ó¥È¤ò»²¾È¤·¤Æ¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤¡£

FreeBSD 2.0.5R ¤ä¤½¤ì°Ê¹ß¤ÎÈǤǤϡ¢ ¥Æ¥­¥¹¥È¥Õ¥©¥ó¥È¤ä¥­¡¼¥Ü¡¼¥É¥Þ¥Ã¥Ô¥ó¥°¤Ë´Ø·¸¤Î¤¢¤ë¤â¤Î¤Ï¤¹¤Ù¤Æ¡¢ /usr/share/examples/syscons ¤ÎÃæ¤Ë¤ª¤µ¤á¤é¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹¡£

¸½ºß°Ê²¼¤Î¥Þ¥Ã¥Ô¥ó¥°¤¬¥µ¥Ý¡¼¥È¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹¡£

  • Belgian ISO-8859-1

  • Brazilian 275 keyboard Codepage 850

  • Brazilian 275 keyboard ISO-8859-1

  • Danish Codepage 865

  • Danish ISO-8859-1

  • French ISO-8859-1

  • German Codepage 850

  • German ISO-8859-1

  • Italian ISO-8859-1

  • Japanese 106

  • Japanese 106x

  • Latin American

  • Norwegian ISO-8859-1

  • Polish ISO-8859-2 (programmer's)

  • Russian Codepage 866 (alternative)

  • Russian koi8-r (shift)

  • Russian koi8-r

  • Spanish ISO-8859-1

  • Swedish Codepage 850

  • Swedish ISO-8859-1

  • Swiss-German ISO-8859-1

  • United Kingdom Codepage 850

  • United Kingdom ISO-8859-1

  • United States of America ISO-8859-1

  • United States of America dvorak

  • United States of America dvorakx

7.17. µ¯Æ°»þ¤Ë¡¢unknown: <PNP0303> can't assign resources ¤È¤¤¤¦¥á¥Ã¥»¡¼¥¸¤¬É½¼¨¤µ¤ì¤ë¤Î¤Ç¤¹¤¬?

°Ê²¼¤Ï¡¢freebsd-current ¥á¡¼¥ê¥ó¥°¥ê¥¹¥È¤Ø¤ÎÅê¹Æ¤«¤é¤Î È´¿è¤Ç¤¹¡£

 

can't assign resources ¤È¤¤¤¦¥á¥Ã¥»¡¼¥¸¤Ï¡¢ ¤½¤Î¥Ç¥Ð¥¤¥¹¤¬¥ì¥¬¥·¡¼ ISA ¥Ç¥Ð¥¤¥¹¤Ç¡¢PnP ¤ò°Õ¼±¤·¤Æ¤¤¤Ê¤¤ ¥É¥é¥¤¥Ð¤¬¥«¡¼¥Í¥ë¤ËÁȤ߹þ¤Þ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤³¤È¤ò¼¨¤·¤Þ¤¹¡£ ¤³¤ì¤Ë¤Ï¡¢¥­¡¼¥Ü¡¼¥É¥³¥ó¥È¥í¡¼¥é¡¢¥×¥í¥°¥é¥à²Äǽ¤Ê ³ä¤ê¹þ¤ßÀ©¸æ IC ¤ä¤½¤Î¾¤µ¤Þ¤¶¤Þ¤Êɸ½àŪ¤Ê¥Ç¥Ð¥¤¥¹¤¬ ¤¢¤ê¤Þ¤¹¡£¥ê¥½¡¼¥¹¤¬³ä¤êÅö¤Æ¤é¤ì¤Ê¤¤¤Î¤Ï¡¢´û¤Ë¤½¤Î¥¢¥É¥ì¥¹¤ò »È¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤ë¥É¥é¥¤¥Ð¤¬¤¢¤ë¤«¤é¤Ç¤¹¡£

 
--Garrett Wollman , 2001 ǯ 4 ·î 24 Æü  

7.18. ¥æ¡¼¥¶¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¥¯¥©¡¼¥¿¤¬Àµ¾ï¤Ëưºî¤·¤Æ¤¤¤Ê¤¤¤è¤¦¤Ç¤¹¡£

  • / ¤Ë¤Ï¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¥¯¥©¡¼¥¿¤òÀßÄꤷ¤Ê¤¤¤Ç¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤¡£

  • ¥¯¥©¡¼¥¿¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤¬ÃÖ¤«¤ì¤ë¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¾å¤Ë ¥¯¥©¡¼¥¿¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤òÃÖ¤¯¤è¤¦¤Ë¤·¤Æ¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤¡£

    Filesystem Quota file
    /usr /usr/admin/quotas
    /home /home/admin/quotas
    ... ...

7.19. ¤ï¤¿¤·¤Î ccd ¤Ï¡¢ ²¿¤¬Å¬¹ç¤·¤Æ¤¤¤Ê¤¤ (Inappropriate) ¤Î¤Ç¤·¤ç¤¦?

¼¡¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ê¾É¾õ¤¬¸½¤ì¤Þ¤¹¡£

# ccdconfig -C
ccdconfig: ioctl (CCDIOCSET): /dev/ccd0c: Inappropriate file type or format

Ä̾盧¤Î¸½¾Ý¤Ï¥¿¥¤¥×¤ò¡Ö̤»ÈÍÑ (unused)¡×¤Î¤Þ¤ÞÊü¤Ã¤Æ¤ª¤«¤ì¤¿ c ¥Ñ¡¼¥Æ¥£¥·¥ç¥ó¤ò¤Ä¤Ê¤²¤è¤¦¤È¤·¤¿¾ì¹ç¤Ë¸½¤ì¤Þ¤¹¡£ccd ¥É¥é¥¤¥Ð¤Ï FS_BSDFFS ¥¿¥¤¥×¤ò¥Ù¡¼¥¹¤È¤¹¤ë¥Ñ¡¼¥Æ¥£¥·¥ç¥ó¤òÍ׵ᤷ¤Þ¤¹¡£ ¤Ä¤Ê¤²¤è¤¦¤È¤·¤Æ¤¤¤ë¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¤Î¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¥é¥Ù¥ë¤òÊÔ½¸¤·¤Æ¡¢ ¥Ñ¡¼¥Æ¥£¥·¥ç¥ó¤Î¥¿¥¤¥×¤ò 4.2BSD ¤ËÊѹ¹¤·¤Æ¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤¡£

7.20. ¤É¤¦¤·¤Æ¤ï¤¿¤·¤Î ccd ¤Î¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¥é¥Ù¥ë¤òÊѹ¹¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¤¬¤Ç¤­¤Ê¤¤¤Î¤Ç¤·¤ç¤¦?

¼¡¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ê¾É¾õ¤¬¸½¤ì¤Þ¤¹¡£

# disklabel ccd0
(it prints something sensible here, so let's try to edit it)
# disklabel -e ccd0
(edit, save, quit)
disklabel: ioctl DIOCWDINFO: No disk label on disk;
use "disklabel -r" to install initial label

¤³¤ì¤Ï ccd ¤«¤éÊÖ¤µ¤ì¤ë¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¥é¥Ù¥ë¤¬¡¢ ¼Â¤Ï¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¾å¤Ë¤Ï¤Ê¤¤¤Þ¤Ã¤¿¤¯¤Îµ¶¤Î¾ðÊó¤À¤«¤é¤Ç¤¹¡£ ¤³¤ì¤òÌÀ¼¨Åª¤Ë½ñ¤­Ä¾¤¹¤³¤È¤ÇÌäÂê¤ò²ò¾Ã¤Ç¤­¤Þ¤¹¡¢ ¤½¤ì¤Ë¤Ï¡¢¤Ä¤®¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ë¤·¤Þ¤¹¡£

# disklabel ccd0 > /tmp/disklabel.tmp
# disklabel -Rr ccd0 /tmp/disklabel.tmp
# disklabel -e ccd0
(this will work now)

7.21. FreeBSD ¤Ï System V ¤Î IPC ¥×¥ê¥ß¥Æ¥£¥Ö¤ò¥µ¥Ý¡¼¥È¤·¤Þ¤¹¤«?

¤Ï¤¤¡£ FreeBSD ¤Ï System-V ¥¹¥¿¥¤¥ë¤Î IPC ¤ò¥µ¥Ý¡¼¥È¤·¤Þ¤¹¡£ ¶¦Í­¥á¥â¥ê¡¢¥á¥Ã¥»¡¼¥¸¡¢¥»¥Þ¥Õ¥©¤¬´Þ¤Þ¤ì¤Þ¤¹¡£ °Ê²¼¤Î¹Ô¤ò¥«¡¼¥Í¥ë¥³¥ó¥Õ¥£¥°¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Ë²Ã¤¨¤ë¤È¡¢ ¥µ¥Ý¡¼¥È¤¬Í­¸ú¤Ë¤Ê¤ê¤Þ¤¹¡£

options    SYSVSHM          # enable shared memory
options    SYSVSEM          # enable for semaphores
options    SYSVMSG          # enable for messaging

Note: FreeBSD 3.2 ¤È¤½¤ì°Ê¹ß¤Ç¤Ï¡¢ ¤³¤ì¤é¤Î¥ª¥×¥·¥ç¥ó¤¬¤¢¤é¤«¤¸¤á GENERIC ¥«¡¼¥Í¥ë¤Ë´Þ¤Þ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹¤Î¤Ç¡¢ ¤¢¤Ê¤¿¤Î¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Ë¤Ï¤¹¤Ç¤ËÁȤ߹þ¤Þ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹¡£

¥«¡¼¥Í¥ë¤òºÆ¹½ÃÛ¤·¤Æ¥¤¥ó¥¹¥È¡¼¥ë¤·¤Æ¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤¡£

7.22. UUCP ¤Ç¥á¡¼¥ë¤òÇÛÁ÷¤¹¤ë¤Ë¤Ï sendmail ¤ò¤É¤¦»È¤¨¤Ð¤è¤¤¤Î¤Ç¤¹¤«?

FreeBSD ¤ËÉÕ°¤·¤Æ¤¤¤ë sendmail ¤Ï¡¢ ¥¤¥ó¥¿¡¼¥Í¥Ã¥È¤ËľÀܤĤʤ¬¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤ë¥µ¥¤¥È¤Ë¤¢¤ï¤»¤ÆÀßÄꤷ¤Æ¤¢¤ê¤Þ¤¹¡£ UUCP ·Ðͳ¤Ç mail ¤ò¸ò´¹¤·¤¿¤¤¾ì¹ç¤Ë¤Ï sendmail ¤ÎÀßÄê¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ò²þ¤á¤Æ¥¤¥ó¥¹¥È¡¼¥ë¤·¤Ê¤±¤ì¤Ð¤Ê¤ê¤Þ¤»¤ó¡£

/etc/sendmail.cf ¤ò¼«Ê¬¤Î¼ê¤Ç²þ¤¤¹¤ë¤Î¤Ï½ã¿è¼çµÁ¼Ô¤Î¤ä¤ë¤è¤¦¤Ê»ö¤Ç¤¹¡£ sendmail ¤Î version 8 ¤Ï m4(1) ¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ê¥×¥ê¥×¥í¥»¥Ã¥µ¤òÄ̤·¤ÆÀßÄê¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤òÀ¸À®¤¹¤ë¿·¤·¤¤¥¢¥×¥í¡¼¥Á¤ò¼è¤Ã¤Æ¤ª¤ê¡¢ ¤è¤êÃê¾Ý²½¤µ¤ì¤¿¥ì¥Ù¥ë¤ÎÀßÄê¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤òÊÔ½¸¤·¤Þ¤¹¡£ /usr/src/usr.sbin/sendmail/cf ¥Ç¥£¥ì¥¯¥È¥ê¤ÎÃæ¤Ë¤¢¤ëÀßÄê¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ò»ÈÍѤ·¤Æ¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤¡£

¤â¤·¤¹¤Ù¤Æ¤Î¥½¡¼¥¹¤ò¥¤¥ó¥¹¥È¡¼¥ë¤·¤Æ¤¤¤Ê¤¤¾ì¹ç¤Ë¤Ï sendmail ¤ÎÀßÄê¥Ä¡¼¥ë¤Ï¡¢Ê̤Πtar ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Ë¤Þ¤È¤á¤Æ¤¢¤ê¤Þ¤¹¡£CD-ROM ¤¬ mount ¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¾ì¹ç¤Ë¤Ï¡¢¼¡¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ë¤·¤Æ¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤¡£

# cd /cdrom/src
# cat scontrib.?? | tar xzf - -C /usr/src contrib/sendmail

¤³¤ì¤Ï¤¿¤Ã¤¿¿ô 100Kbyte ¤Ç¤¹¤«¤é¿´Çۤʤ¤¤Ç¤·¤ç¤¦¡£ cf ¥Ç¥£¥ì¥¯¥È¥ê¤Ë¤¢¤ë README ¤Ë¡¢m4 ¤Ç¤ÎÀßÄê¤Î´ðËÜŪ¤ÊÀâÌÀ¤¬¤¢¤ê¤Þ¤¹¡£

UUCP ¤Ç¤ÎÇÛÁ÷¤Î¤¿¤á¤Ë¤Ï¡¢mailertable ¤ò»ÈÍѤ¹¤ì¤Ð ¤è¤¤¤Ç¤·¤ç¤¦¡£¤³¤ì¤Ë¤è¤Ã¤Æ¡¢sendmail ¤¬ÇÛÁ÷Êý¼°¤ò·èÄꤹ¤ë¥Ç¡¼¥¿¥Ù¡¼¥¹¤ò ºîÀ®¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¤¬¤Ç¤­¤Þ¤¹¡£

¤Þ¤º¤Ï¤¸¤á¤Ë¡¢ .mc ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤òºîÀ®¤·¤Ê¤±¤ì¤Ð¤Ê¤ê¤Þ¤»¤ó¡£ /usr/src/usr.sbin/sendmail/cf/cf ¤È¤¤¤¦¥Ç¥£¥ì¥¯¥È¥ê¤¬¡¢ ¤³¤ì¤é¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤òºîÀ®¤¹¤ë¾ì½ê¤Ç¤¹¡£´û¤Ë¤¤¤¯¤Ä¤«Î㤬¤¢¤ë¤È»×¤¤¤Þ¤¹¡£ ¤³¤ì¤«¤éºîÀ®¤¹¤ë¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Î̾Á°¤ò foo.mc ¤È¤¹¤ë¤È¡¢ sendmail.cf ¤òµá¤á¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤è¤¦¤Ê·Á¼°¤ËÊÑ´¹¤¹¤ë¤Ë¤Ï¡¢ ¼¡¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ë¤·¤Æ¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤¡£

# cd /usr/src/usr.sbin/sendmail/cf/cf
# make foo.cf
# cp foo.cf /etc/sendmail.cf

ɸ½àŪ¤Ê .mc ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Ï¼¡¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ë¤Ê¤ê¤Þ¤¹¡£

include(`../m4/cf.m4')
VERSIONID(`Your version number')
OSTYPE(bsd4.4)

FEATURE(nodns)
FEATURE(nocanonify)
FEATURE(mailertable)

define(`UUCP_RELAY', your.uucp.relay)
define(`UUCP_MAX_SIZE', 200000)

MAILER(local)
MAILER(smtp)
MAILER(uucp)

Cw    your.alias.host.name
Cw    youruucpnodename.UUCP

nodns ¤È nocanonify ¤È¤¤¤¦»ØÄê¤ò¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¤Ç¡¢ mail ¤ÎÇÛÁ÷¤Ë DNS ¤ò»ÈÍѤ·¤Ê¤¯¤Ê¤ê¤Þ¤¹¡£ UUCP_RELAY ¤È¤¤¤¦ ¹Ô¤Ë´Ø¤·¤Æ¤Ï¡¢ ¤¢¤ëÍýͳ¤«¤éɬÍפǤ¹¤¬¤½¤ì¤Ïʹ¤«¤Ê¤¤¤Ç¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤¡£ .UUCP ¤Ç½ª¤ï¤ë²¾Áۥɥᥤ¥ó¤ò½èÍý¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¤Î¤Ç¤­¤ë¥¤¥ó¥¿¡¼¥Í¥Ã¥È¾å¤Ç¤Î ¥Û¥¹¥È̾¤ò¤³¤³¤Ë½ñ¤¤¤Æ¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤¡£Ä̾ï¤Ï¡¢ISP ¤Î mail ¥ê¥ì¡¼¥Û¥¹¥È¤ò ½ñ¤¯¤³¤È¤Ë¤Ê¤ë¤È»×¤¤¤Þ¤¹¡£

¤³¤ì¤¬½ªÎ»¤·¤¿¤é¡¢¼¡¤Ë /etc/mailertable ¤È¤¤¤¦¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤¬É¬ÍפǤ¹¡£É¸½àŪ¤ÊÎã¤Ï¼¡¤Î¤È¤ª¤ê¤Ç¤¹¡£

#
# makemap hash /etc/mailertable.db < /etc/mailertable
#
horus.interface-business.de   uucp-dom:horus
.interface-business.de        uucp-dom:if-bus
interface-business.de         uucp-dom:if-bus
.heep.sax.de                  smtp8:%1
horus.UUCP                    uucp-dom:horus
if-bus.UUCP                   uucp-dom:if-bus
.                             uucp-dom:

¸«¤ì¤Ðʬ¤«¤ë¤è¤¦¤Ë¡¢¤³¤ì¤Ï¼Âºß¤¹¤ëÀßÄê¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Ç¤¹¡£¤Ï¤¸¤á¤Î 3 ¹Ô¤Ï¥É¥á¥¤¥ó̾¤Ç»ØÄꤵ¤ì¤¿¥á¡¼¥ë¤¬ default ¤Î·ÐÏ©¤ÇÇÛÁ÷¤µ¤ì¤º¤Ë¡¢ ¡Ö¶áÆ»¡×¤¹¤ë¤¿¤á¤Ë UUCP ¤ÇÎÙ¤ê¤Î¥µ¥¤¥È¤ËÁ÷¤ë¤¿¤á¤ÎÆÃÊ̤ʾõ¶·¤ò ½èÍý¤¹¤ë¤â¤Î¤Ç¤¹¡£ ¼¡¤Î¹Ô¤Ï Ethernet ¤Ç¤Ä¤Ê¤¬¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤ë¥í¡¼¥«¥ë¤Î¥É¥á¥¤¥ó¤ËÂФ·¤Æ¤Ï SMTP ¤ÇÁ÷¤ë¤¿¤á¤ÎÀßÄê¤Ç¤¹¡£ ºÇ¸å¤Ë¡¢UUCP ¤Ç¤ÎÎÙ¤ê¤Î¥µ¥¤¥È¤¬ .UUCP ¤Ç½ª¤ï¤ë²¾Áۥɥᥤ¥ó¤Î½ñ¼°¤Ç »ØÄꤵ¤ì¤Æ¤ª¤ê¡¢default ¤Î rule ¤ò uucp-neighbour! recipient ¤Ç¾å½ñ¤­¤¹¤ë¤¿¤á¤Î¤â¤Î¤Ç¤¹¡£°ìÈֺǸå¤Î¹Ô¤Ï¤¤¤Ä¤â¥É¥Ã¥È¤ò°ì¤Ä½ñ¤­¤Þ¤¹¡£ ¤³¤ì¤Ï¡¢¤³¤³¤Þ¤Ç¤Î¹Ô¤Ç¥Þ¥Ã¥Á¤·¤Ê¤«¤Ã¤¿¤¹¤Ù¤Æ¤Î¥Û¥¹¥È¤Ë¥Þ¥Ã¥Á¤·¡¢ ¤³¤Î¥µ¥¤¥È¤«¤éÀ¤³¦¤Ë¸þ¤±¤Æ½Ð¤Æ¤¤¤¯¤¿¤á¤Î mail gateway ¤Ë UUCP ¤ÇÇÛÁ÷¤¹¤ë¤¿¤á¤Î¤â¤Î¤Ç¤¹¡£ uucp-dom: ¤Ë³¤±¤Æ½ñ¤«¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¥Î¡¼¥É̾¤Ï¡¢ uuname ¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤Ç»ØÄꤹ¤ë¤³¤È¤Ë¤è¤Ã¤Æ UUCP ¤ÇľÀÜÇÛÁ÷¤µ¤ì¤ëÀµ¤·¤¤¥Î¡¼¥É̾¤Ç¤Ê¤±¤ì¤Ð¤Ê¤ê¤Þ¤»¤ó¡£

ºÇ¸å¤Ë¡¢¤³¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Ï»ÈÍѤ¹¤ëÁ°¤Ë DBM ¥Ç¡¼¥¿¥Ù¡¼¥¹¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Ë ÊÑ´¹¤¹¤ëɬÍפ¬¤¢¤ê¤Þ¤¹¡£¤³¤ì¤ò¹Ô¤Ê¤¦¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¥é¥¤¥ó¤Ï mailertable ¤ÎºÇ½é¤Î¥³¥á¥ó¥È¤Ë½ñ¤¤¤Æ¤¢¤ê¤Þ¤¹¡£mailertable ¤òÊѹ¹¤·¤¿»þ¤Ë¤Ï¡¢ ɬ¤º¤³¤Î¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤ò¼Â¹Ô¤·¤Æ¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤¡£

ºÇ¸å¤Î¥Ò¥ó¥È¤Ç¤¹: ¤â¤·ÆÃÄê¤Î¥á¡¼¥ëÇÛÁ÷¤¬¤¦¤Þ¤¯ºîư¤¹¤ë¤«¤É¤¦¤« ³Î¤«¤á¤¿¤¤¾ì¹ç¤Ë¤Ï¡¢sendmail ¤Î-bt ¥ª¥×¥·¥ç¥ó¤ò »ÈÍѤ·¤Æ¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤¡£¤³¤Î¥ª¥×¥·¥ç¥ó¤Ë¤è¤Ã¤Æ sendmail ¤Ï ¥¢¥É¥ì¥¹¥Æ¥¹¥È¥â¡¼¥É¤Çµ¯Æ°¤·¤Þ¤¹¡£ 0 ¤Î¸å¤ËÇÛÁ÷¤·¤¿¤¤¥¢¥É¥ì¥¹¤ò½ñ¤¤¤Æ¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤¡£ºÇ¸å¤Î¹Ô¤Ë¡¢¼ÂºÝ¤Ë»ÈÍѤµ¤ì¤ë mail agent¡¢¤³¤Î mail agent ¤ÇÁ÷¤é¤ì¤ëÁ÷¿®Àè¤Î¥Û¥¹¥È¡¢¤½¤·¤Æ (¿ʬÊÑ´¹¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë) ¥¢¥É¥ì¥¹¤¬É½¼¨¤µ¤ì¤Þ¤¹¡£¤³¤Î¥â¡¼¥É¤òÈ´¤±¤ë¤Ë¤Ï Control-D ¤ò²¡¤·¤Æ¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤¡£

% sendmail -bt
ADDRESS TEST MODE (ruleset 3 NOT automatically invoked)
Enter <ruleset> <address>
> 0 foo@interface-business.de
rewrite: ruleset  0   input: foo @ interface-business . de
...
rewrite: ruleset  0 returns: $# uucp-dom $@ if-bus $: foo \
< @ interface-business . de >
> ^D

7.23. ¥À¥¤¥¢¥ë¥¢¥Ã¥×¤Ç¥¤¥ó¥¿¡¼¥Í¥Ã¥È¤ËÀܳ¤¹¤ë´Ä¶­¤Ç¥á¡¼¥ë¤ò¥»¥Ã¥È¥¢¥Ã¥×¤¹¤ë¤Ë¤Ï¤É¤¦¤ä¤ë¤Î?

ÀÅŪ¤Ë IP ¥¢¥É¥ì¥¹¤¬³ä¤êÅö¤Æ¤é¤ì¤ë¾ì¹ç¤Ï¡¢ ¥Ç¥Õ¥©¥ë¥È¤Î¾õÂÖ¤òÊѹ¹¤¹¤ëɬÍפϤ¢¤ê¤Þ¤»¤ó¡£ ³ä¤êÅö¤Æ¤é¤ì¤¿Ì¾Á°¤ò¥Û¥¹¥È¥Í¡¼¥à¤È ¤¹¤ë¤À¤±¤Ç¡¢sendmail ¤¬¸å¤Î¤³¤È¤ò°ú¤­¼õ¤±¤Æ¤¯¤ì¤Þ¤¹¡£

¥À¥¤¥¢¥ë¥¢¥Ã¥× ppp ¤ò ¥¤¥ó¥¿¡¼¥Í¥Ã¥ÈÀܳ¤Ë»ÈÍѤ·¡¢Æ°Åª¤Ë IP ¥¢¥É¥ì¥¹¤¬³ä¤êÅö¤Æ¤é¤ì¤ë¾ì¹ç¤Ï¡¢ ¥¤¥ó¥¿¡¼¥Í¥Ã¥È¥µ¡¼¥Ó¥¹¥×¥í¥Ð¥¤¥À (ISP) ¤Î¥á¡¼¥ë¥µ¡¼¥Ð¤Ë¥á¡¼¥ë¥Ü¥Ã¥¯¥¹¤¬¤¢¤ë¤Ï¤º¤Ç¤¹¡£ ISP ¤Î¥É¥á¥¤¥ó¤¬ myISP.com ¤Ç¡¢¤¢¤Ê¤¿¤Î¥æ¡¼¥¶Ì¾¤¬ user ¤À¤È²¾Äꤷ¤Þ¤¹¡£ ¤Þ¤¿¡¢¤¢¤Ê¤¿¤¬¼«Ê¬¤Î¥Þ¥·¥ó¤ò bsd.home ¤È¸Æ¤ó¤Ç¤ª¤ê¡¢ISP ¤¬ relay.myISP.com ¤ò¥á¡¼¥ë¥ê¥ì¡¼¤È¤·¤Æ»ÈÍѤǤ­¤ë¤È¸À¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤È¤·¤Þ¤·¤ç¤¦¡£

¥á¡¼¥ë¥Ü¥Ã¥¯¥¹¤«¤é¥á¡¼¥ë¤ò¼è¤Ã¤Æ¤¯¤ë¤¿¤á¤Ë¤Ï¡¢ ²ó¼ý (retrieval) ¥¨¡¼¥¸¥§¥ó¥È¤ò¥¤¥ó¥¹¥È¡¼¥ë¤¹¤ëɬÍפ¬¤¢¤ê¤Þ¤¹¡£ Fetchmail ¤Ï¿¼ï¿Íͤʥץí¥È¥³¥ë¤ò¥µ¥Ý¡¼¥È¤·¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤Î¤Ç¤ª´«¤á¤Ç¤¹¡£ ISP ¤¬»ÈÍѤ·¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤Î¤Ï¡¢ÂçÄñ POP3 ¥×¥í¥È¥³¥ë¤Ç¤¹¡£ ¥æ¡¼¥¶ ppp ¤ò»ÈÍѤ·¤Æ¤¤¤ë¾ì¹ç¡¢ /etc/ppp/ppp.linkup ¤Ë°Ê²¼¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ëµ­½Ò¤¹¤ë¤È¡¢ ¥¤¥ó¥¿¡¼¥Í¥Ã¥È¤ÈÀܳ¤¬´°Î»¤·¤¿»þÅÀ¤Ç¼«Æ°Åª¤Ë¥á¡¼¥ë¤ò¼èÆÀ¤¹¤ë¤è¤¦¤Ë¤Ê¤ê¤Þ¤¹¡£

MYADDR:
        !bg su user -c fetchmail

¥í¡¼¥«¥ë¤Ç¤Ê¤¤¥¢¥«¥¦¥ó¥È¤Ë¥á¡¼¥ë¤òÇÛÁ÷¤¹¤ë¤Î¤Ë sendmail ¤ò»ÈÍѤ·¤Æ¤¤¤ë¾ì¹ç (¸å½Ò)¡¢ ¾å¤Ë¼¨¤·¤¿¥¨¥ó¥È¥ê¤Î¸å¤Ë

        !bg su user -c "sendmail -q"

¤òµ­½Ò¤·¤Þ¤¹¡£¤³¤ì¤Ï¥Í¥Ã¥È¥ï¡¼¥¯Àܳ¤¬³ÎΩ¤·¤¿¤é¤¹¤°¤Ë sendmail ¤Ëί¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤ë mailqueue ¤ò¶¯À©Åª¤Ë½èÍý¤µ¤»¤ë¤è¤¦¤Ë¤·¤Þ¤¹¡£

¤³¤ÎÎã¤Ç¤Ï¡¢user ¤¬ bsd.home ¤Ë¥¢¥«¥¦¥ó¥È¤ò»ý¤Á¡¢ bsd.home ¾å¤Î user ¤Î¥Û¡¼¥à¥Ç¥£¥ì¥¯¥È¥ê¤Ë¡¢°Ê²¼¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ê .fetchmailrc ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤¬¤Ä¤¯¤é¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤³¤È¤òÁÛÄꤷ¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹¡£

poll myISP.com protocol pop3 fetchall pass MySecret;

¸À¤¦¤Þ¤Ç¤â¤Ê¤¯¡¢¤³¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Ï user °Ê³°¤Î¥æ¡¼¥¶¤¬ÆÉ¤à¤³¤È¤¬½ÐÍè¤Ê¤¤¤è¤¦¤Ë¤·¤Ê¤¯¤Æ¤Ï¤Ê¤ê¤Þ¤»¤ó¡£ ÆâÍÆ¤Ë¥Ñ¥¹¥ï¡¼¥É MySecret ¤¬´Þ¤Þ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤«¤é¤Ç¤¹¡£

Àµ¤·¤¤ from: ¥Ø¥Ã¥À¤ò¤Ä¤±¤Æ¥á¡¼¥ë¤òÁ÷¤ë¤¿¤á¤Ë¤Ï¡¢ sendmail ¤Ë user@bsd.home ¤Ç¤Ï¤Ê¤¯ user@myISP.com ¤ò»ÈÍѤ¹¤ë¤è¤¦¶µ¤¨¤ëɬÍפ¬¤¢¤ê¤Þ¤¹¡£ ¥á¡¼¥ë¤ò¤è¤êÁ᤯žÁ÷¤¹¤ë¤¿¤á¤Ë¡¢¤¹¤Ù¤Æ¤Î¥á¡¼¥ë¤ò relay.myISP.com ¤ØÁ÷¤ë¤è¤¦¤Ë sendmail ¤Ë »Ø¼¨¤·¤Æ¤ª¤¯¤Î¤âÎɤ¤¤Ç¤·¤ç¤¦¡£

¾å¤ÎÍ×·ï¤òËþ¤¿¤¹¤Ë¤Ï¡¢°Ê²¼¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ê .mc ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤¬Å¬¤·¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹¡£

VERSIONID(`bsd.home.mc version 1.0')
OSTYPE(bsd4.4)dnl
FEATURE(nouucp)dnl
MAILER(local)dnl
MAILER(smtp)dnl
Cwlocalhost
Cwbsd.home
MASQUERADE_AS(`myISP.com')dnl
FEATURE(allmasquerade)dnl
FEATURE(masquerade_envelope)dnl
FEATURE(nocanonify)dnl
FEATURE(nodns)dnl
define(`SMART_HOST', `relay.myISP.com')
Dmbsd.home
define(`confDOMAIN_NAME',`bsd.home')dnl
define(`confDELIVERY_MODE', `deferred')dnl

.mc ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤«¤é sendmail.cf ¤Ø¤ÎÊÑ´¹ÊýË¡¤Ë¤Ä¤¤¤Æ¤Ï¡¢ Á°¤Î¥»¥¯¥·¥ç¥ó¤ò»²¾È¤·¤Æ¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤. sendmail.cf ¤ò¹¹¿·¤·¤¿¸å¤Ë sendmail ¤ò¥ê¥¹¥¿¡¼¥È¤¹¤ë¤Î¤â¤ªËº¤ì¤Ê¤¯¡£

7.24. ¤³¤Î UID ¤¬ 0 ¤Î toor ¤È¤¤¤¦ ¥¢¥«¥¦¥ó¥È¤È¤Ï²¿¤Ç¤¹¤«? ´í¸±¤Ë¤µ¤é¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤Î¤Ç¤·¤ç¤¦¤«?

¿´ÇÛ̵ÍѤǤ¹¡£toor ¤Ï ÂåÂØ¤Î ¥¹¡¼¥Ñ¡¼¥æ¡¼¥¶¡¼¥¢¥«¥¦¥ó¥È¤Ç¤¹ (toor ¤Ï root ¤òµÕ¤ËÄ֤俤â¤Î¤Ç¤¹)¡£ °ÊÁ°¤Ï¡¢bash(1) ¥·¥§¥ë¤¬¥¤¥ó¥¹¥È¡¼¥ë¤µ¤ì¤¿»þ¤Ë ºîÀ®¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤·¤¿¤¬¡¢¸½ºß¤Ïɸ½à¤ÇºîÀ®¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹¡£ ¤³¤Î¥æ¡¼¥¶¡¼¤¬ºîÀ®¤µ¤ì¤ë¤Î¤Ï¡¢ ¥¹¡¼¥Ñ¡¼¥æ¡¼¥¶¤¬Èóɸ½à¤Î¥·¥§¥ë¤ò»È¤¦¾ì¹ç¤òÁÛÄꤷ¤Æ¤ª¤ê¡¢ root ¤Îɸ½à¤Î¥·¥§¥ë¤òÊѹ¹¤·¤Ê¤¯¤Æ¤â¤è¤¯¤Ê¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹¡£ ´ðËÜÇÛÉÛ¤Ë´Þ¤Þ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤Ê¤¤¥·¥§¥ë (¤¿¤È¤¨¤Ð ports ¤ä packages ¤«¤é¥¤¥ó¥¹¥È¡¼¥ë¤µ¤ì¤ë¥·¥§¥ë) ¤Ï¡¢¥Ç¥Õ¥©¥ë¥È¤Ç¤ÏÊ̤Υե¡¥¤¥ë¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Ë¸ºß¤¹¤ë ²ÄǽÀ­¤Î¤¢¤ë /usr/local/bin ¤Ë ¥¤¥ó¥¹¥È¡¼¥ë¤µ¤ì¤ë¤³¤È¤¬Â¿¤¤¤Î¤Ç¡¢¤³¤ì¤Ï½ÅÍפǤ¹¡£ root ¤Î¥·¥§¥ë¤¬ /usr/local/bin ¤Ë¤¢¤ê¡¢ /usr (¤Þ¤¿¤Ï¡¢/usr/local/bin ¤¬¤¢¤ë¤¤¤º¤ì¤«¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à) ¤¬²¿¤é¤«¤ÎÍýͳ¤Ç¥Þ¥¦¥ó¥È¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤Ê¤¤¤È¤¹¤ë¤È¡¢ root ¤ÏÌäÂê¤ò²ò·è¤¹¤ë¤¿¤á¤Ë ¥í¥°¥¤¥ó¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¤¬¤Ç¤­¤Þ¤»¤ó (¥·¥ó¥°¥ë¥æ¡¼¥¶¡¼¥â¡¼¥É¤ÇºÆµ¯Æ°¤¹¤ì¤Ð¡¢ ¥·¥§¥ë¤Î¥Ñ¥¹¤ÎÆþÎϤòÂ¥¤µ¤ì¤ë¤Î¤Ç¤¹¤¬)¡£

toor ¤òÆü¡¹¤Î root ¤Î»Å»ö¤ò Èóɸ½à¤Î¥·¥§¥ë¤Ç¹Ô¤¦¤¿¤á¤Ë»È¤¤¡¢root ¤Ï ¥·¥ó¥°¥ë¥æ¡¼¥¶¡¼¥â¡¼¥É¤ä¶ÛµÞ»þ¤Î¤¿¤á¤Ë¡¢É¸½à¤Î¥·¥§¥ë¤Î¤Þ¤Þ¤Ë ¤·¤Æ¤¤¤ë¿Í¤¬¤¤¤Þ¤¹¡£²¿¤â¤·¤Ê¤±¤ì¤Ð¡¢¥Ñ¥¹¥ï¡¼¥É¤ò̵¸ú¤Ë¤·¤Æ¤¢¤ë¤Î¤Ç toor ¤Ç¤Ï¥í¥°¥¤¥ó¤Ç¤­¤Þ¤»¤ó¡£ »È¤¤¤¿¤¤¤Ê¤é¡¢root ¤Ç¥í¥°¥¤¥ó¤·¤Æ toor ¤Î ¥Ñ¥¹¥ï¡¼¥É¤òÀßÄꤷ¤Þ¤·¤ç¤¦¡£

7.25. ¤·¤Þ¤Ã¤¿! root ¤Î¥Ñ¥¹¥ï¡¼¥É¤ò˺¤ì¤Æ¤·¤Þ¤Ã¤¿!

¹²¤Æ¤Ê¤¤¤Ç¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤! ñ¤Ë¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤òºÆµ¯Æ°¤·¡¢ ¥·¥ó¥°¥ë¥æ¡¼¥¶¥â¡¼¥É¤Ë°Ü¤ë¤¿¤á¤Ë Boot: ¤Èɽ¼¨¤µ¤ì¤ë¥×¥í¥ó¥×¥È¤Ç boot -s ¤ÈÆþÎϤ·¤Æ¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤ (FreeBSD ¤Î 3.2 ¤è¤êÁ°¤Î¥ê¥ê¡¼¥¹¤Ç¤Ï -s¤È¤Ê¤ê¤Þ¤¹)¡£ ¤É¤Î¥·¥§¥ë¤ò»È¤¦¤Î¤«¤È¤¤¤¦¼ÁÌä¤Ë¤Ï¡¢ENTER ¥­¡¼¤ò²¡¤·¤Æ¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤¡£# ¤Ë°Ü¤ë¤³¤È¤¬¤Ç¤­¤ë¤Ç¤·¤ç¤¦¡£ mount -u / ¤ÈÆþÎϤ·¤Æ ¥ë¡¼¥È¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤ÎÆÉ¤ß½ñ¤­¤òºÆ¥Þ¥¦¥ó¥È¤·¡¢ mount -a ¤ÈÆþÎϤ·¤Æ¡¢ ¤¹¤Ù¤Æ¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤ò¥Þ¥¦¥ó¥È¤·Ä¾¤·¤¿¸å¡¢ passwd root ¤ÈÆþÎϤ·¤Æ root ¤Î¥Ñ¥¹¥ï¡¼¥É¤òÀßÄꤷľ¤·¤Æ¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤¡£ ¤½¤Î¸å¡¢exit ¤ÈÆþÎϤ¹¤ì¤Ð¡¢µ¯Æ°¤¬Â³¤±¤é¤ì¤Þ¤¹¡£

7.26. Control-Alt-Delete ¤Ç¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤¬ºÆµ¯Æ°¤·¤Ê¤¤¤è¤¦¤Ë¤¹¤ë¤Ë¤Ï¤É¤¦¤¹¤ì¤Ð¤¤¤¤?

FreeBSD 2.2.7-RELEASE °Ê¹ß¤Ç syscons (¥Ç¥Õ¥©¥ë¥È¤Î¥³¥ó¥½¡¼¥ë¥É¥é¥¤¥Ð) ¤ò»ÈÍѤ·¤Æ¤¤¤ë¾ì¹ç¤Ë¤Ï¡¢¼¡¤Î¹Ô¤ò¥«¡¼¥Í¥ë¥³¥ó¥Õ¥£¥°¥ì¡¼¥·¥ç¥ó¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ËÄɲä·¤Æ ¥«¡¼¥Í¥ë¤òºÆ¹½ÃÛ¤·¡¢¥¤¥ó¥¹¥È¡¼¥ë¤·¤Æ¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤¡£

options SC_DISABLE_REBOOT

FreeBSD 2.2.5-RELEASE °Ê¹ß¤Ç PCVT ¥³¥ó¥½¡¼¥ë¥É¥é¥¤¥Ð¤ò»ÈÍѤ·¤Æ¤¤¤ë ¾ì¹ç¤Ë¤Ï¡¢Æ±Íͤ˼¡¤Î¹Ô¤ò¥«¡¼¥Í¥ë¥³¥ó¥Õ¥£¥°¥ì¡¼¥·¥ç¥ó¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ËÄɲä·¤Æ ¥«¡¼¥Í¥ë¤òºÆ¹½ÃÛ¤·¡¢¥¤¥ó¥¹¥È¡¼¥ë¤·¤Æ¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤¡£

options PCVT_CTRL_ALT_DEL

¾å¤Ë¤¢¤²¤¿¤â¤Î¤è¤ê¤â¸Å¤¤ FreeBSD ¤Î¾ì¹ç¡¢ ¸½ºß¥³¥ó¥½¡¼¥ë¤¬»ÈÍѤ·¤Æ¤¤¤ë¥­¡¼¥Þ¥Ã¥×¤òÊÔ½¸¤·¡¢ ¥­¡¼¥ï¡¼¥É boot ¤ò nop ¤Ë½ñ¤­´¹¤¨¤Æ¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤¡£ /usr/share/syscons/keymaps/us.iso.kbd ¤Ë¤¢¤ê¤Þ¤¹¡£ ¤½¤ÎÊѹ¹¤òÈ¿±Ç¤µ¤»¤è¤¦¤È¤·¤Æ¡¢ ¤³¤Î¥­¡¼¥Þ¥Ã¥×¤Î¥í¡¼¥É¤òÌÀ¼¨Åª¤Ë¹Ô¤Ê¤¦¤¿¤á¤Ë¡¢ /etc/rc.conf ¤ò¼Â¹Ô¤¹¤Ù¤­¤«¤â¤·¤ì¤Þ¤»¤ó¡£ ¤â¤Á¤í¤ó¾¤Î¹ñ¤Î¥­¡¼¥Þ¥Ã¥×¤ò»È¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤Î¤Ç¤¢¤ì¤Ð¡¢ Âå¤ï¤ê¤Ë¤½¤Î¥­¡¼¥Þ¥Ã¥×¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤òÊÔ½¸¤·¤Æ¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤¡£

7.27. DOS ¤Î¥Æ¥­¥¹¥È¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ò UNIX ¤Î¥Æ¥­¥¹¥È¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ËÀ°·Á¤¹¤ë¤Ë¤Ï¤É¤¦¤¹¤ì¤Ð¤¤¤¤?

ñ¤Ë¼¡¤Î perl ¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤ò¼Â¹Ô¤·¤Æ¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤¡£

% perl -i.bak -npe 's/\r\n/\n/g' file ...

file ¤ÎÉôʬ¤Ë¤Ï½èÍý¤¹¤ë¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ò»ØÄꤷ¤Æ¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤¡£ À°·Á¸å¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Ï¸µ¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë̾¤ÇºîÀ®¤µ¤ì¡¢ À°·ÁÁ°¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤Ï¥Ð¥Ã¥¯¥¢¥Ã¥×¤È¤·¤Æ¸µ¤Î ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë̾¤ÎËöÈø¤Ë³ÈÄ¥»Ò .bak ¤Î¤Ä¤±¤é¤ì¤¿Ì¾Á°¤ÇºîÀ®¤µ¤ì¤Þ¤¹¡£

¤¢¤ë¤¤¤Ï tr(1) ¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤ò»È¤¦¤³¤È¤â¤Ç¤­¤Þ¤¹¡£

% tr -d '\r' < dos-text-file > unix-file

dos-text-file ¤Ï DOS ·Á¼°¤Î¥Æ¥¹¥È¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¡¢ unix-file ¤Ë¤ÏÊÑ´¹¤µ¤ì¤¿½ÐÎϤ¬³ÊǼ¤µ¤ì¤Þ¤¹¡£ perl ¤ò»È¤¦¤è¤ê¤Û¤ó¤Î¤Á¤ç¤Ã¤Ô¤ê®¤¯¤Ê¤ê¤Þ¤¹¡£

7.28. ̾Á°¤Ç»ØÄꤷ¤Æ¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Ë¥·¥°¥Ê¥ë¤òÁ÷¤ë¤Ë¤Ï¤É¤¦¤¹¤ì¤Ð¤¤¤¤?

killall(1) ¤ò»È¤Ã¤Æ¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤¡£

7.29. su ¤¬ not in root's ACL ¤È¸À¤Ã¤Æ»ä¤òǺ¤Þ¤»¤ë¤Î¤Ï¤Ê¤¼?

Kerberos ¤Îǧ¾Ú¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤«¤é¤¯¤ë¥¨¥é¡¼¤Ç¤¹¡£ ¤³¤ÎÌäÂê¤ÏÃ×̿Ū¤Ê¤â¤Î¤Ç¤Ï¤Ê¤¯¡¢ ¤¦¤Ã¤È¤ª¤·¤¤¤È¤¤¤Ã¤¿¤â¤Î¤Ç¤¹¡£ su ¤Ë -K ¥ª¥×¥·¥ç¥ó¤ò¤Ä¤±¤Æµ¯Æ°¤¹¤ë¤«¡¢ ¼¡¤Î¼ÁÌä¤ÇÀâÌÀ¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ëÊýË¡¤Ç Kerberos ¤ò¥¢¥ó¥¤¥ó¥¹¥È¡¼¥ë¤·¤Æ¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤¡£

7.30. Kerberos ¤ò¥¢¥ó¥¤¥ó¥¹¥È¡¼¥ë¤¹¤ë¤Ë¤Ï¤É¤¦¤¹¤ì¤Ð¤¤¤¤¤Î?

¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤«¤é Kerberos ¤òºï½ü¤¹¤ë¤Ë¤Ï¡¢ ¤¢¤Ê¤¿¤Îư¤«¤·¤Æ¤¤¤ë¥ê¥ê¡¼¥¹¤Î bin ¥Ç¥£¥¹¥È¥ê¥Ó¥å¡¼¥·¥ç¥ó¤òºÆ¥¤¥ó¥¹¥È¡¼¥ë¤·¤Æ¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤¡£ ¤â¤· CDROM ¤ò»ý¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤Î¤Ê¤é¡¢ ¤½¤Î CDROM ¤ò¥Þ¥¦¥ó¥È (¥Þ¥¦¥ó¥È¥Ý¥¤¥ó¥È¤Ï /cdrom ¤È²¾Äê) ¤·¤Æ¡¢ ¼¡¤Î¤è¤¦¤ËÆþÎϤ·¤Æ¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤¡£

# cd /cdrom/bin
# ./install.sh

7.31. µ¿»÷¥¿¡¼¥ß¥Ê¥ë¤òÄɲ乤ë¤Ë¤Ï?

telnet¡¢ssh¡¢X¡¢screen ¤ò¤¿¤¯¤µ¤óÍøÍѤµ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¾ì¹ç¡¢ µ¿»÷¥¿¡¼¥ß¥Ê¥ë¤¬Â­¤ê¤Ê¤¯¤Ê¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤ë²ÄǽÀ­¤¬¤¢¤ê¤Þ¤¹¡£ ¤³¤ì¤òÁý¤ä¤¹¤Ë¤Ï¼¡¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ë¤·¤Þ¤¹¡£

  1. ¼¡¤Î¹Ô¤ò¥«¡¼¥Í¥ë¥³¥ó¥Õ¥£¥°¥ì¡¼¥·¥ç¥ó¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ËÄɲä·¤Æ

    pseudo-device pty 256
    
    ¿·¤¿¤Ë¥«¡¼¥Í¥ë¤òºî¤ê¥¤¥ó¥¹¥È¡¼¥ë¤·¤Þ¤¹¡£
  2. ¼¡¤Î¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤ò¼Â¹Ô¤·¤Æ

    # cd /dev
    # ./MAKEDEV pty{1,2,3,4,5,6,7}
    
    ¿·¤¿¤Ê¥¿¡¼¥ß¥Ê¥ëÍѤΠ256 ¸Ä¤Î¥Ç¥Ð¥¤¥¹¥Î¡¼¥É¤òºî¤ê¤Þ¤¹¡£
  3. /etc/ttys ¤òÊÔ½¸¤· 256 ¸Ä¤Î¥¿¡¼¥ß¥Ê¥ë¤´¤È¤ÎÄêµÁ¤òÄɲä·¤Þ¤¹¡£ ´û¸¤Î¥¨¥ó¥È¥ê¡¼¤Î·Á¼°¤Ë¤¢¤ï¤»¤ëɬÍפ¬¤¢¤ë¤Ç¤·¤ç¤¦¡£ ¤¿¤È¤¨¤Ð¤³¤ó¤Ê´¶¤¸¤Ç¤¹¡£

    ttyqc none network
    

    Àµµ¬É½¸½¤ò»È¤Ã¤¿»ØÄê¤Ï tty[pqrsPQRS][0-9a-v] ¤È¤Ê¤ê¤Þ¤¹¡£

  4. ¿·¤·¤¤¥«¡¼¥Í¥ë¤Ç¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤òºÆµ¯Æ°¤¹¤ë¤È´°Î»¤Ç¤¹¡£

7.32. snd0 ¥Ç¥Ð¥¤¥¹¤òºîÀ®¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¤¬¤Ç¤­¤Þ¤»¤ó!

snd ¤È¤¤¤¦¥Ç¥Ð¥¤¥¹¤Ï¸ºß¤·¤Þ¤»¤ó¡£ ¤³¤Î̾Á°¤Ï¡¢FreeBSD ¥µ¥¦¥ó¥É¥É¥é¥¤¥Ð¤Ë¤è¤Ã¤ÆºîÀ®¤µ¤ì¤ë¤µ¤Þ¤¶¤Þ¤Ê¥Ç¥Ð¥¤¥¹¡¢ mixer ¤ä sequencer¡¢ dsp ¤Ê¤É¤òÁí¾Î¤·¤¿¤â¤Î¤Ç¤¹¡£

¤³¤ì¤é¤Î¥Ç¥Ð¥¤¥¹¤òºîÀ®¤¹¤ë¤Ë¤Ï¡¢¼¡¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ë¤¹¤ëɬÍפ¬¤¢¤ê¤Þ¤¹¡£

# cd /dev
# sh MAKEDEV snd0

7.33. ºÆµ¯Æ°¤»¤º¤Ë¤â¤¦°ìÅÙ /etc/rc.conf ¤òÆÉ¤ß¹þ¤ó¤Ç /etc/rc ¤ò³«»Ï¤µ¤»¤ë¤Ë¤Ï?

¥·¥ó¥°¥ë¥æ¡¼¥¶¥â¡¼¥É¤Ë°Ü¹Ô¤·¤Æ¡¢ ¥Þ¥ë¥Á¥æ¡¼¥¶¥â¡¼¥É¤ËÌá¤Ã¤Æ¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤¡£

¥³¥ó¥½¡¼¥ë¤Ç¼¡¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ë¼Â¹Ô¤·¤Þ¤¹¡£

# shutdown now(Ãí: -r ¤ä -h ¤ÏÉÕ¤±¤Þ¤»¤ó)
# return
# exit

7.34. º½¾ì (sandbox) ¤È¤Ï²¿¤Ç¤¹¤«?

º½¾ì (Sandbox) ¤È¤Ï¥»¥­¥å¥ê¥Æ¥£ÍѸì¤Î°ì¤Ä¤Ç¡¢ ¼¡¤ÎÆó¤Ä¤Î°ÕÌ£¤¬¤¢¤ê¤Þ¤¹¡£

  • °ì¤ÄÌܤϡ¢¡Ö²¾ÁÛŪ¤Ê¡ØËÉÊÉ¡Ù¤Ç°Ï¤Þ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¥×¥í¥»¥¹¡×¤Ç¤¹¡£ ¤½¤Î¡ØËÉÊɡ٤ϡ¢¤½¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Ë¿¯Æþ¤·¤¿Âè»°¼Ô¤¬¡¢ ¤µ¤é¤Ë¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Î¹­¤¤ÈϰϤ˱ƶÁ¤òÍ¿¤¨¤ë¤³¤È¤òËɤ°¤è¤¦¤ËÀ߷פµ¤ì¤Þ¤¹¡£

    ¤³¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Î¿¶Éñ¤¤¤Ï¡¢¡ØËÉÊɡ٤ÎÃæ¤À¤±¤ËÀ©¸Â¤µ¤ì¤ë¡¢¤Èɽ¸½¤Ç¤­¤Þ¤¹¡£ ¤Ä¤Þ¤ê¡¢¤³¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Ë¤ª¤¤¤Æ¡¢¡ØËÉÊɡ٤ò±Û¤¨¤ë¤è¤¦¤Ê¥³¡¼¥É¤Î¼Â¹Ô¤Ï ¤Ç¤­¤Ê¤¤¤È¤¤¤¦°ÕÌ£¤Ç¤¹¡£¤½¤Î¤¿¤á¡¢¥³¡¼¥É¤Î¼Â¹Ô¤Ë¤ª¤±¤ë¥»¥­¥å¥ê¥Æ¥£¤Ï ³Î¤«¤Ê¤â¤Î¤Ç¤¢¤ë¤ÈÊݾڤǤ­¡¢¼Â¹Ô¤Î¾ÜºÙ¤ÊÄÉÀפò¹Ô¤Ê¤¦É¬ÍפϤʤ¯¤Ê¤ê¤Þ¤¹¡£

    ¤½¤Î¡ØËÉÊɡ٤Ȥϡ¢¤¿¤È¤¨¤Ð¥æ¡¼¥¶ ID ¤¬¤½¤ì¤Ë¤¢¤¿¤ë¤Ç¤·¤ç¤¦¡£ ¤³¤ÎÄêµÁ¤Ï¡¢security(7) ¤ä named(8) ¤Î¥Þ¥Ë¥å¥¢¥ë¥Ú¡¼¥¸¤ÇÍѤ¤¤é¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹¡£

    ntalk ¥µ¡¼¥Ó¥¹ (/etc/inetd.conf »²¾È¤Î¤³¤È) ¤òÎã¤Ë¤È¤Ã¤Æ¤ß¤Þ¤¹¡£ ¤³¤Î¥µ¡¼¥Ó¥¹¤Ï¤«¤Ä¤Æ¡¢¼Â¹Ô»þ¤Î ¥æ¡¼¥¶ ID ¤È¤·¤Æ root ¤òÍѤ¤¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤·¤¿¤¬¡¢¸½ºß¤Ç¤Ï tty ¤È¤¤¤¦¥æ¡¼¥¶ ID ¤Çưºî¤·¤Þ¤¹¡£ ¥æ¡¼¥¶ tty ¤Ï¡¢ ntalk ¤ò·Ðͳ¤·¤Æ¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Î¿¯Æþ¤ËÀ®¸ù¤·¤¿Âè»°¼Ô¤¬ ¤½¤Î¥æ¡¼¥¶ ID °Ê¾å¤Î¸¢¸Â¤òÆÀ¤ë¤³¤È¤ò¡¢ ¤è¤ê°ìÁغ¤Æñ¤Ë¤¹¤ë¤¿¤á¤ËÀ߷פµ¤ì¤¿º½¾ì (sandbox) ¤Ê¤Î¤Ç¤¹¡£

  • Æó¤ÄÌܤϡ֥·¥ß¥å¥ì¡¼¥È¤µ¤ì¤¿¥Þ¥·¥ó¤ÎÆâ¦¤Ç¼Â¹Ô¤µ¤ì¤ë¥×¥í¥»¥¹¡×¤Î¤³¤È¤Ç¡¢ ¤³¤Á¤é¤Ï¤è¤êÃæ³ËŪ¤Ç¤¹¡£ ÉáÄ̤˹ͤ¨¤ì¤Ð¡¢¤¢¤ë¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Ë¿¯Æþ¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¤¬¤Ç¤­¤ëÂè»°¼Ô¤Ï¡¢ ¥Þ¥·¥ó¤Î¤è¤ê¹­¤¤ÈϰϤˤ⿯Æþ¤Ç¤­¤ë¤È¿®¤¸¤ë¤â¤Î¤Ê¤Î¤Ç¤¹¤¬¡¢ ¤³¤Î¼ï¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Î¾ì¹ç¡¢¤½¤ì¤Ï¼ÂºÝ¤Ë¤Ï¥·¥ß¥å¥ì¡¼¥È¤µ¤ì¤¿¥Þ¥·¥ó¤Ë ¿¯Æþ¤·¤¿¤À¤±¤Ê¤Î¤Ç¡¢¸½¼Â¤Î¥Ç¡¼¥¿¤òÊѹ¹¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¤Ï²¿°ì¤Ä¤Ç¤­¤Þ¤»¤ó¡£

    ¤³¤ì¤ò¼Â¸½¤¹¤ë¤¿¤á¤ÎºÇ¤â¹­¤¯ÍѤ¤¤é¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ëÊýË¡¤Ï¡¢ ¥·¥ß¥å¥ì¡¼¥È¤µ¤ì¤¿´Ä¶­¤ò¥µ¥Ö¥Ç¥£¥ì¥¯¥È¥ê¤Ë¹½ÃÛ¤·¡¢ ¤½¤Î¥Ç¥£¥ì¥¯¥È¥ê¤Ë chroot ¤·¤Æ¡¢¤½¤Î¥Ç¥£¥ì¥¯¥È¥ê¤Ç ¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤ò¼Â¹Ô¤¹¤ë¤³¤È (¤Ä¤Þ¤ê¡¢¤½¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Ë¤È¤Ã¤Æ / ¤Ï ¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Î¼ÂºÝ¤Î¥ë¡¼¥È¥Ç¥£¥ì¥¯¥È¥ê / ¤Ç¤Ï¤Ê¤¯¡¢ chroot ¤µ¤ì¤¿¥µ¥Ö¥Ç¥£¥ì¥¯¥È¥ê¤ò»Ø¤¹) ¤Ç¤¹¡£

    ¹­¤¯ÍѤ¤¤é¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤â¤¦°ì¤Ä¤ÎÊýË¡¤¬¤¢¤ê¤Þ¤¹¡£ ¤½¤ì¤Ï¡¢´û¤Ë¸ºß¤·¤Æ¤¤¤ë¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤ò ÆÉ¤ß¹þ¤ßÀìÍÑ (read-only) ¤Ç¥Þ¥¦¥ó¥È¤·¡¢¤½¤Î¾å¤Ë¡¢¤¢¤ë¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤ËÂФ·¤Æ ¤½¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤¬½ñ¤­¹þ¤ß²Äǽ¤Ç¤¢¤ë¤è¤¦¤Ë¸«¤»¤ë¤è¤¦¤Ê¡¢ ¤â¤¦°ì¤Ä¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤ÎÁؤòÍѰդ¹¤ë¤â¤Î¤Ç¤¹¡£¤¹¤ë¤È¡¢ ¤½¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Ï¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ò½ñ¤­¹þ¤à¤³¤È¤¬¤Ç¤­¤ë¤Èǧ¼±¤·¡¢ ¼ÂºÝ¤Ë½ñ¤­¹þ¤à¤³¤È¤¬¤Ç¤­¤ë¤Î¤â¤½¤ÎÆÃÄê¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤À¤± - ¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Ë¤¢¤ë¾¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Ï½ñ¤­¹þ¤á¤Ê¤¤¤Î¤ËÂФ·¤Æ - ¤Ç¤¢¤ë¤È¤¤¤¦¾õ¶·¤ò¼Â¸½¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¤¬¤Ç¤­¤Þ¤¹¡£

    ¤³¤Î¼ï¤Îº½¾ì (sandbox) ¤Ï¡¢ ¤½¤ÎÈó¾ï¤ËÆ©²áŪ¤ÊÀ­¼Á¤ò»È¤Ã¤Æ¡¢¥æ¡¼¥¶ (¤â¤·¤¯¤Ï¿¯Æþ¼Ô) ¤¬ ¤½¤Î»ö¼Â¤Ëµ¤ÉÕ¤«¤Ê¤¤¤è¤¦¤Ë¼Â¸½¤µ¤ì¤Þ¤¹¡£

UNIX ¤Ï¡¢ÆâÉôŪ¤ËÆó¤Ä¤Îº½¾ì (sandbox) ¤ò¼ÂÁõ¤·¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹¡£ °ì¤Ä¤Ï¥×¥í¥»¥¹¥ì¥Ù¥ë¤Î¤â¤Î¡¢¤â¤¦°ì¤Ä¤Ï¥æ¡¼¥¶ ID ¥ì¥Ù¥ë¤Î¤â¤Î¤Ç¤¹¡£

UNIX ¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Ï¤¹¤Ù¤Æ¡¢Â¾¤Î UNIX ¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤«¤é´°Á´¤Ë³ÖÎ¥¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹¡£ ¤É¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤â¡¢Â¾¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Î¥¢¥É¥ì¥¹¶õ´Ö¤òÊѹ¹¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¤Ï¤Ç¤­¤Þ¤»¤ó¡£ ¤³¤ì¤Ï¡¢¤¢¤ë¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤¬Â¾¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Î¥¢¥É¥ì¥¹¶õ´Ö¤ò¾å½ñ¤­¤Ç¤­¤ë¤è¤¦¤Ê¡¢ ¥¯¥é¥Ã¥·¥å¤Ë¤Ä¤Ê¤¬¤ë¹Ô°Ù¤¬Íưפ˼¸½¤Ç¤­¤ë Windows ¤È¤ÏÁ´¤¯°Û¤Ê¤ë¤â¤Î¤Ç¤¹¡£

UNIX ¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Ï¡¢ÆÃÄê¤Î¥æ¡¼¥¶ ID ¤¬½êÍ­¤·¤Þ¤¹¡£ ¤â¤·¡¢¼Â¹Ô¼Ô¤Î¥æ¡¼¥¶ ID ¤¬ root ¥æ¡¼¥¶¤Î¤â¤Î¤Ç¤Ê¤±¤ì¤Ð¡¢ ¥æ¡¼¥¶ ID ¤Ï¡¢Â¾¤Î¥æ¡¼¥¶¤¬½êÍ­¤¹¤ë¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤«¤é ¤½¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤ò¼é¤ëµ¡Ç½¤ò²Ì¤¿¤¹¤ï¤±¤Ç¤¹¡£ ¤Þ¤¿¡¢¤½¤Î¥æ¡¼¥¶ ID ¤Ï¡¢¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¾å¤Ë¤¢¤ë¥Ç¡¼¥¿¤ò Êݸ¤ë¤Î¤Ë¤â»È¤ï¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹¡£

7.35. ¥»¥­¥å¥¢¥ì¥Ù¥ë (securelevel) ¤Ã¤Æ²¿¤Ç¤¹¤«?

¥»¥­¥å¥¢¥ì¥Ù¥ë¤È¤Ï¥«¡¼¥Í¥ë¤Ë¼ÂÁõ¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¥»¥­¥å¥ê¥Æ¥£µ¡¹½¤Î°ì¤Ä¤Ç¤¹¡£ ´Êñ¤Ë¸À¤¦¤È¡¢¥«¡¼¥Í¥ë¤Ï¥»¥­¥å¥¢¥ì¥Ù¥ë¤¬Àµ¤ÎÃͤλþ¤Ë¡¢ ¤¢¤ëÆÃÄê¤ÎÁàºî¤òÀ©¸Â¤·¤Þ¤¹¡£¤³¤ÎÀ©¸Â¤Ï¡¢¤¿¤È¤¨¥¹¡¼¥Ñ¥æ¡¼¥¶ (root ¤Î¤³¤È) ¤Ç¤¢¤Ã¤Æ¤âÎã³°¤Ç¤Ï¤¢¤ê¤Þ¤»¤ó¡£ ¤³¤Îʸ¤ò½ñ¤¤¤Æ¤¤¤ë»þÅÀ¤Ç¤Ï¡¢ ¥»¥­¥å¥¢¥ì¥Ù¥ëµ¡¹½¤ò»È¤Ã¤Æ°Ê²¼¤Î¤è¤¦¤ÊÁàºî¤òÀ©¸Â¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¤¬¤Ç¤­¤Þ¤¹¡£

  • schg (system immutable flag) ¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ê¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¥Õ¥é¥°¤ÎÊѹ¹

  • /dev/mem ¤ª¤è¤Ó /dev/kmem ·Ðͳ¤Ç¤Î¥«¡¼¥Í¥ë¥á¥â¥ê¤Ø¤Î½ñ¤­¹þ¤ß

  • ¥«¡¼¥Í¥ë¥â¥¸¥å¡¼¥ë¤Î¥í¡¼¥É

  • ipfirewall(4) ¥ë¡¼¥ë¤ÎÊѹ¹

²ÔÆ¯Ãæ¤Î¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Ç¥»¥­¥å¥¢¥ì¥Ù¥ë¤Î¾õÂÖ¤ò¥Á¥§¥Ã¥¯¤¹¤ë¤Ë¤Ï¡¢ ¼¡¤Î¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤ò¼Â¹Ô¤·¤Þ¤¹¡£

# sysctl kern.securelevel

½ÐÎϤˤϡ¢sysctl(8) ÊÑ¿ô (º£¤Î¾ì¹ç¤Ï kern.securelevel) ¤È¿ô»ú¤¬¸½¤ì¤Þ¤¹¡£ ¿ô»ú¤¬¸½ºß¤Î¥»¥­¥å¥¢¥ì¥Ù¥ë¤ÎÃͤǤ¹¡£ ¤³¤ì¤¬¤â¤·Àµ¤ÎÃͤʤ顢 ²¿¤é¤«¤Î¥»¥­¥å¥¢¥ì¥Ù¥ë¤Ë¤è¤ëÀ©¸Â¤¬Í­¸ú¤Ë¤Ê¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹¡£

¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à²ÔÆ¯Ãæ¤Ë¥»¥­¥å¥¢¥ì¥Ù¥ë¤ò²¼¤²¤ë¤³¤È¤Ï¤Ç¤­¤Þ¤»¤ó¡£ ¤³¤ì¤Ï¡¢¤½¤ì¤ò²Äǽ¤Ë¤¹¤ë¤È¥»¥­¥å¥¢¥ì¥Ù¥ë¤Î°ÕÌ£¤¬¤Ê¤¯¤Ê¤Ã¤Æ¤·¤Þ¤¦¤«¤é¤Ç¤¹¡£ ¥»¥­¥å¥¢¥ì¥Ù¥ë¤¬Àµ¤ÎÃͤǤʤ¤¤³¤È¤òÍ׵᤹¤ëÁàºî (¤¿¤È¤¨¤Ð installworld ¤äÆüÉÕ¤ÎÊѹ¹¤Ê¤É) ¤ò¹Ô¤Ê¤¦É¬Íפ¬¤¢¤ë¾ì¹ç¤Ï¡¢/etc/rc.conf ¤Ë¤¢¤ë¥»¥­¥å¥¢¥ì¥Ù¥ë¤ÎÀßÄê (kern_securelevel ¤È kern_securelevel_enable ¤È¤¤¤¦ÊÑ¿ô) ¤òÊѹ¹¤·¤ÆºÆµ¯Æ°¤¹¤ëɬÍפ¬¤¢¤ê¤Þ¤¹¡£

¥»¥­¥å¥¢¥ì¥Ù¥ë¤Ë´Ø¤¹¤ë¾Ü¤·¤¤¾ðÊó¤ä¡¢ ³Æ¥ì¥Ù¥ë¤Ç¼Â¸½¤µ¤ì¤ëµ¡Ç½¤Ë´Ø¤·¤Æ¤Ï init(8) ¤Î¥Þ¥Ë¥å¥¢¥ë¥Ú¡¼¥¸¤ò»²¾È¤·¤Æ¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤¡£

Warning: ¥»¥­¥å¥¢¥ì¥Ù¥ë¤ÏËüǽ¤È¤¤¤¦¤ï¤±¤Ç¤Ï¤Ê¤¯¡¢ ¼åÅÀ¤â¿ô¿¤¯Â¸ºß¤·¤Þ¤¹¡£¤Þ¤¿¡¢¾ì¹ç¤Ë¤è¤Ã¤Æ¤Ï¡¢ ¥»¥­¥å¥ê¥Æ¥£¤òÄã²¼¤µ¤»¤Æ¤·¤Þ¤¦¤³¤È¤â¤¢¤ê¤Þ¤¹¡£

ºÇ¤âÂ礭¤ÊÌäÂê¤Î°ì¤Ä¤Ë¡¢ ¥»¥­¥å¥¢¥ì¥Ù¥ë¤Îµ¡Ç½¤òÍ­¸ú¤Ë¤¹¤ë¤Ë¤Ï¡¢ µ¯Æ°½èÍý¤Ç¥»¥­¥å¥¢¥ì¥Ù¥ë¤¬ÀßÄꤵ¤ì¤ë¤Þ¤Ç¤Ë»È¤ï¤ì¤ë¤¹¤Ù¤Æ¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ò Êݸ¤ëɬÍפ¬¤¢¤ë¤È¤¤¤¦¤³¤È¤¬¤¢¤ê¤Þ¤¹¡£ ¤â¤·¹¶·â¼Ô¤¬¡¢¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤¬¥»¥­¥å¥¢¥ì¥Ù¥ë¤òÀßÄꤹ¤ëÁ°¤Ë¥³¡¼¥É¤ò¼Â¹Ô¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¤¬¤Ç¤­¤ë¤È¤·¤¿¤é¡¢ ¥»¥­¥å¥¢¥ì¥Ù¥ë¤Ë¤è¤ëÊݸî¤Ï̵°ÕÌ£¤Ë¤Ê¤Ã¤Æ¤·¤Þ¤¤¤Þ¤¹ (µ¯Æ°»þ¤Ë¤ÏÄ㤤¥»¥­¥å¥¢¥ì¥Ù¥ë¤Ç¤·¤«¼Â¹Ô¤Ç¤­¤Ê¤¤½èÍý¤ò¹Ô¤Ê¤¦É¬Íפ¬¤¢¤ë¤¿¤á¡¢ ¥»¥­¥å¥¢¥ì¥Ù¥ë¤ÎÀßÄê¤Ï¡¢µ¯Æ°½èÍý¤ÎºÇ¸å¤ÎÊý¤Ç¹Ô¤Ê¤ï¤ì¤Þ¤¹)¡£ µ¯Æ°½èÍý¤Ç»È¤ï¤ì¤ë¤¹¤Ù¤Æ¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤òÊݸ¤ë¤³¤È¤Ïµ»½ÑŪ¤ËÉÔ²Äǽ¤Ç¤¹¡£ ¤â¤·¤½¤¦¤Ç¤­¤¿¤È¤·¤Æ¤â¡¢¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤ÎÊݼé¤Ï¤Þ¤µ¤Ë°­Ì´¤È¤Ê¤ë¤Ç¤·¤ç¤¦¡£ ÀßÄê¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë°ì¤Ä½ñ¤­´¹¤¨¤ë¤Î¤Ë¤â¡¢ ¥·¥ó¥°¥ë¥æ¡¼¥¶¥â¡¼¥É¤ËÀÚÂØ¤¨¤Ê¤±¤ì¤Ð¤Ê¤é¤Ê¤¯¤Ê¤ë¤Î¤Ç¤¹¤«¤é¡£

°Ê¾å¤ÇÀâÌÀ¤·¤¿ÆâÍÆ¤ä¤½¤Î¾¤ÎÅÀ¤Ë¤Ä¤¤¤Æ¤Ï¡¢ ¥á¡¼¥ê¥ó¥°¥ê¥¹¥È¤Ç¤âÎɤ¯ÏÃÂê¤Ë¤Î¤Ü¤ê¤Þ¤¹¡£ µÄÏÀ¤Î¤è¤¦¤¹¤ò¤³¤Î¥Ú¡¼¥¸¤«¤é¸¡º÷¤·¤Æ¤ß¤Æ¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤¡£ ¥»¥­¥å¥¢¥ì¥Ù¥ë¤Ï¡¢ ¤¤¤º¤ì¤è¤êγÅ٤κ٤«¤¤µ¡¹½¤Ë¤È¤Ã¤ÆÂå¤ï¤ë¤À¤í¤¦¤È¹Í¤¨¤Æ¤¤¤ë¿Í¡¹¤â¤¤¤Þ¤¹¤¬¡¢ ¤½¤ÎÅÀ¤Ë¤Ä¤¤¤Æ¤Ï¤Þ¤ÀÉÔÆ©ÌÀ¤Ê¤Þ¤Þ¤Ç¤¹¡£

¤É¤¦¤«Ãí°Õ¤¹¤ë¤è¤¦¤Ë¤·¤Æ¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤¡£

7.36. ¥Õ¥í¥Ã¥Ô¡¼¤ä CDROM ¤ä¾¤Î¥ê¥à¡¼¥Ð¥Ö¥ë¥á¥Ç¥£¥¢¤Î¥Þ¥¦¥ó¥È¤ò°ìÈ̥桼¥¶¡¼¤Ëµö²Ä¤¹¤ë¤Ë¤Ï?

°ìÈ̥桼¥¶¡¼¤Ç¤â¥Ç¥Ð¥¤¥¹¤ò¥Þ¥¦¥ó¥È¤Ç¤­¤ë¤è¤¦¤Ë¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¤¬¤Ç¤­¤Þ¤¹¡£ ¼ê½ç¤Ï¼¡¤Î¤È¤ª¤ê¤Ç¤¹¡£

  1. root ¤Ë¤Ê¤Ã¤Æ¡¢ sysctl ÊÑ¿ô¤Ç¤¢¤ë vfs.usermount ¤ò 1 ¤ËÀßÄꤷ¤Þ¤¹¡£

    # sysctl -w vfs.usermount=1
    
  2. root ¤Ë¤Ê¤Ã¤Æ¡¢ ¥ê¥à¡¼¥Ð¥Ö¥ë¥á¥Ç¥£¥¢¤Ë´ØÏ¢¤¹¤ë¥Ö¥í¥Ã¥¯¥Ç¥Ð¥¤¥¹¤ËŬÀڤʥѡ¼¥ß¥Ã¥·¥ç¥ó¤òÀßÄꤷ¤Þ¤¹¡£

    Îã¤È¤·¤Æ¡¢ºÇ½é¤Î¥Õ¥í¥Ã¥Ô¡¼¥Ç¥Ð¥¤¥¹¤ò¥æ¡¼¥¶¡¼¤¬¥Þ¥¦¥ó¥È¤Ç¤­¤ë¤è¤¦¤Ë¤¹¤ë¤Ë¤Ï¡¢ ¼¡¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ë¤·¤Þ¤¹¡£

    # chmod 666 /dev/fd0
    

    operator ¥°¥ë¡¼¥×¤Ë½ê°¤¹¤ë¥æ¡¼¥¶¤¬ CDROM ¥É¥é¥¤¥Ö¤ò¥Þ¥¦¥ó¥È¤Ç¤­¤ë¤è¤¦¤Ë¤¹¤ë¤Ë¤Ï °Ê²¼¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ë¤·¤Þ¤¹¡£

    # chgrp operator /dev/cd0c
    # chmod 640 /dev/cd0c
    
  3. ºÇ¸å¤Ë vfs.usermount=1 ¤È¤¤¤¦¹Ô¤ò /etc/sysctl.conf ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ËÄɲä·¡¢ ¥Ö¡¼¥È»þ¤Ë¥»¥Ã¥È¤µ¤ì¤ë¤è¤¦¤Ë¤·¤Æ¤ª¤­¤Þ¤¹¡£

¤³¤ì¤Ç¡¢¤¹¤Ù¤Æ¤Î¥æ¡¼¥¶¤Ï ¥Õ¥í¥Ã¥Ô¡¼ /dev/fd0 ¤ò ¼«¿È¤Î½êÍ­¤¹¤ë¥Ç¥£¥ì¥¯¥È¥ê¤Ø¥Þ¥¦¥ó¥È¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¤¬¤Ç¤­¤Þ¤¹¡£

% mkdir ~/my-mount-point
% mount -t msdos /dev/fd0 ~/my-mount-point

¤³¤ì¤Ç¡¢operator ¥°¥ë¡¼¥×¤Ë½ê°¤¹¤ë¥æ¡¼¥¶¤Ï CDROM /dev/cd0c ¤ò ¼«¿È¤Î½êÍ­¤¹¤ë¥Ç¥£¥ì¥¯¥È¥ê¤Ø¥Þ¥¦¥ó¥È¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¤¬¤Ç¤­¤Þ¤¹¡£

% mkdir ~/my-mount-point
% mount -t msdos /dev/cd0c ~/my-mount-point

¥Ç¥Ð¥¤¥¹¤Î¥¢¥ó¥Þ¥¦¥ó¥È¤Ï´Êñ¤Ç¤¹¡£

% umount ~/my-mount-point

¤·¤«¤·¡¢ vfs.usermount ¤òÍ­¸ú¤Ë¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¤Ï¡¢¥»¥­¥å¥ê¥Æ¥£¾å¤è¤¤¤³¤È¤Ç¤Ï¤¢¤ê¤Þ¤»¤ó¡£ MSDOS ·Á¼°¤Î¥á¥Ç¥£¥¢¤Ë¥¢¥¯¥»¥¹¤Ë¤Ï¡¢Ports ¥³¥ì¥¯¥·¥ç¥ó¤Ë¤¢¤ë ¥Ñ¥Ã¥±¡¼¥¸ mtools ¤ò»ÈÍѤ·¤¿Êý¤¬¤è¤¤¤Ç¤·¤ç¤¦¡£

7.37. ¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤ò¿·¤·¤¤µðÂç¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¤Ø°Ü¤¹¤Ë¤Ï¤É¤¦¤¹¤ë¤Î¤Ç¤¹¤«?

°ìÈÖÎɤ¤¤Î¤Ï¿·¤·¤¤¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¤Ë OS ¤òºÆ¥¤¥ó¥¹¥È¡¼¥ë¤·¤Æ¡¢ ¤½¤ì¤«¤é¥æ¡¼¥¶¥Ç¡¼¥¿¤ò°Ü¤¹¤³¤È¤Ç¤¹¡£ÆÃ¤Ë¤¢¤Ê¤¿¤¬ -stable ¤ò Ê£¿ô¤Î¥ê¥ê¡¼¥¹¤ò¸Ù¤¤¤ÇÄɤ¤³Ý¤±¤Æ¤¤¤ë¾ì¹ç¤Ë¤Ï¤³¤ÎÊýË¡¤ò¤ª¤¹¤¹¤á¤·¤Þ¤¹¡£ ¤¢¤Ê¤¿¤Ï boot0cfg(8) ¤ò»È¤¦¤³¤È¤Ç booteasy ¤òξÊý¤Î ¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¤Ë¥¤¥ó¥¹¥È¡¼¥ë¤Ç¤­¡¢¿·¤·¤¤ÇÛÃÖ¤ÇËþ­¤·¤Æ¤¤¤ë´Ö ¥Ç¥å¥¢¥ë¥Ö¡¼¥È¤¬¤Ç¤­¤Þ¤¹¡£¤³¤ì¤ò¹Ô¤Ã¤¿¤¢¤È¥Ç¡¼¥¿¤ò°Ü¤¹ ÊýË¡¤òõ¤¹¤Ê¤é¼¡¤ÎÃÊÍî¤ÏÆÉ¤ßÈô¤Ð¤·¤Æ¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤¡£

²¿¤â¤Ê¤¤¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¤Ø¥¤¥ó¥¹¥È¡¼¥ë¤·¤Ê¤¤¤³¤È¤Ë·è¤á¤¿¤Ê¤é¤Ð /stand/sysinstall¡¢¤Ê¤ê fdisk(8) ¤È disklabel(8) ¤Ê¤ê¤ò»È¤Ã¤Æ¿·¤·¤¤¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¤Ë ¥Ñ¡¼¥Æ¥£¥·¥ç¥ó¤È¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¥é¥Ù¥ë¤òºî¤é¤Ê¤±¤ì¤Ð¤Ê¤ê¤Þ¤»¤ó¡£ ¤Þ¤¿ boot0cfg(8) ¤Ç booteasy ¤òξÊý¤Î¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¤Ë ¥¤¥ó¥¹¥È¡¼¥ë¤·¤Æ¡¢¥³¥Ô¡¼¤Îºî¶È¤¬½ª¤ï¤Ã¤¿¤¢¤È¤Ë ¸Å¤¤¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤«¤é¤Ç¤â¿·¤·¤¤¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¤«¤é¤Ç¤âµ¯Æ°¤Ç¤­¤ë¤è¤¦¤Ë ¤·¤Æ¤ª¤¯É¬Íפ¬¤¢¤ê¤Þ¤¹¡£¤³¤Îºî¶È¤Î¾ÜºÙ¤Ï formatting-media tutorial ¤ò¸«¤Æ¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤¡£

¿·¤·¤¤¥Ç¥£¥¹¥¯¤ÎΩ¤Á¾å¤²¤¬½ª¤ï¤Ã¤Æ¥Ç¡¼¥¿¤Î°Üư¤ò ÂԤĤФ«¤ê¤Ë¤Ê¤ê¤Þ¤·¤¿¡£¤·¤«¤·Èᤷ¤¤¤«¤Ê¡¢Ìµ°Ç¤ä¤¿¤é¤È ¥³¥Ô¡¼¤¹¤ì¤Ð¤¤¤¤¤È¤¤¤¦¤â¤Î¤Ç¤Ï¤¢¤ê¤Þ¤»¤ó¡£¥Ç¥Ð¥¤¥¹¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë (/dev) ¤ä¥·¥ó¥Ü¥ê¥Ã¥¯¥ê¥ó¥¯¤Ê¤É¤Ï ¼ºÇԤθµ¤Ë¤Ê¤ê¤Þ¤¹¡£¤³¤ì¤é¤òÍý²ò¤¹¤ë¥Ä¡¼¥ë¡¢¤¹¤Ê¤ï¤Á dump(8) ¤ä tar(1) Åù¤ò»È¤¦É¬Íפ¬¤¢¤ê¤Þ¤¹¡£ ¥Ç¡¼¥¿¤Î°Üž¤Ï¥·¥ó¥°¥ë¥æ¡¼¥¶¤Ç¹Ô¤¦¤³¤È¤ò¤ª´«¤á¤·¤Þ¤¹¤¬¡¢ ÀäÂФȸÀ¤¦¤ï¤±¤Ç¤Ï¤¢¤ê¤Þ¤»¤ó¡£

¤¢¤Ê¤¿¤Ï dump(8) ¤È restore(8) °Ê³°¤Î¤â¤Î¤Ç root ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤ò°Ü¹Ô¤·¤Æ¤Ï¤Ê¤ê¤Þ¤»¤ó¡£ tar(1) ¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤Ç¤â¤¿¤Ö¤ó¤¦¤Þ¤¯¹Ô¤¯¤Ç¤·¤ç¤¦¤¬¡¢ ¤ä¤é¤Ê¤¤¤Û¤¦¤¬¤¤¤¤¤Ç¤·¤ç¤¦¡£¥Ñ¡¼¥Æ¥£¥·¥ç¥ó°ì¤Ä¤ò ¤â¤¦°ì¤Ä¤Î¤«¤é¤Î¥Ñ¡¼¥Æ¥£¥·¥ç¥ó¤Ë°Ü¤¹¤È¤­¤Ï dump(8) ¤È restore(8) »È¤¦¤Ù¤­¤Ç¤¹¡£ ¥Ñ¡¼¥Æ¥£¥·¥ç¥ó¤Î¥Ç¡¼¥¿¤ò¿·¤·¤¤¥Ñ¡¼¥Æ¥£¥·¥ç¥ó¤Ë°Ü¤¹¤Î¤Ë dump ¤ò»È¤¦¤ä¤êÊý¤Ï°Ê²¼¤ÎÄ̤ê¤Ç¤¹¡£

  1. ¿·¤·¤¤¥Ñ¡¼¥Æ¥£¥·¥ç¥ó¤Ë newfs ¤ò¤«¤±¤ë¡£

  2. ¤½¤ì¤ò»ÃÄêŪ¤Ê¥Þ¥¦¥ó¥È¥Ý¥¤¥ó¥È¤Ë¥Þ¥¦¥ó¥È¤¹¤ë¡£

  3. ¤½¤Î¥Ç¥£¥ì¥¯¥È¥ê¤Ë cd¡£

  4. ¸Å¤¤¥Ñ¡¼¥Æ¥£¥·¥ç¥ó¤ò dump ¤·¡¢ ¤½¤Î½ÐÎϤò¥Ñ¥¤¥×¤Ç¿·¤·¤¤Êý¤Ø¡£

¤¿¤È¤¨¤Ð root ¤ò /dev/ad1s1a ¤Ø¡¢»ÃÄêŪ¤Ê¥Þ¥¦¥ó¥È¥Ý¥¤¥ó¥È¤ò /mnt ¤È¤·¤Æ°Ü¤½¤¦¤È¤¹¤ë¤È°Ê²¼¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ë¤Ê¤ê¤Þ¤¹¡£

# newfs /dev/ad1s1a
# mount /dev/ad1s1a
# cd /mnt
# dump 0uaf - / | restore xf -

¤â¤·¥Ñ¡¼¥Æ¥£¥·¥ç¥ó¤Î¹½À®¤òÊѤ¨¤è¤¦¤È»×¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤Ê¤é - ¤Ä¤Þ¤ê°ì¤Ä¤À¤Ã¤¿¤â¤Î¤òÆó¤Ä¤Ë¤·¤¿¤êÆó¤Ä¤À¤Ã¤¿¤â¤Î¤ò¤¯¤Ã¤Ä¤±¤¿¤ê ¤·¤è¤¦¤È¤·¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤Ê¤é¡¢¼«Á°¤Ç¤¢¤ë¥Ç¥£¥ì¥¯¥È¥ê°Ê²¼¤Î¤¹¤Ù¤Æ¤ò ¿·¤·¤¤¾ì½ê¤Ø°Ü¤¹É¬Íפ¬½Ð¤Æ¤¯¤ë¤«¤âÃΤì¤Þ¤»¤ó¡£dump(8) ¤Ï ¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤ËƯ¤¯¤Î¤Ç¤³¤ÎÌÜŪ¤Ë¤Ï»È¤¨¤Þ¤»¤ó¡£¤³¤Î¾ì¹ç¤Ï tar(1) ¤ò»È¤¤¤Þ¤¹¡£°ìÈÌ¤Ë /old ¤«¤é /new ¤Ø¤Î°Üư¤Ï tar(1) ¤Ç °Ê²¼¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ë¤·¤Þ¤¹¡£

# (cd /old; tar cf - .) | (cd /new; tar xpf -)

/old ¤Ë¾¤Î¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤¬ ¥Þ¥¦¥ó¥È¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤Æ¡¢¤½¤Î¥Ç¡¼¥¿¤Î°Üư¤Þ¤Ç¤Ï¹Í¤¨¤Æ¤Ê¤¤¤Ê¤é¤Ð ºÇ½é¤Î tar(1) ¤Ë 'l' ¥Õ¥é¥°¤òÄɲä·¤Þ¤¹¡£

# (cd /old; tar clf - .) | (cd /new; tar xpf -).

tar(1) ¤Î¤«¤ï¤ê¤Ë cpio(1) ¤ä pax(1), cpdup (ports/sysutils/cpdup) Åù¤ò »È¤Ã¤Æ¤â¹½¤¤¤Þ¤»¤ó¡£

7.38. ¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤òºÇ¿·¤Î -STABLE ¤Ë¥¢¥Ã¥×¥Ç¡¼¥È¤·¤è¤¦¤È¤·¤¿¤Î¤Ç¤¹¤¬ -RC ¤ä -BETA ¤Ë¤Ê¤Ã¤Æ¤·¤Þ¤¤¤Þ¤·¤¿! ²¿¤¬µ¯¤³¤Ã¤¿¤Î¤Ç¤¹¤«?

û¤¤Åú¤¨: ¤¿¤À¤Î̾Á°¤Ç¤¹¡£RC ¤Ï ¥ê¥ê¡¼¥¹¸õÊä (Release Candidate) ¤Ë ͳÍ褹¤ë¤â¤Î¤Ç¡¢¥ê¥ê¡¼¥¹¤¬´Ö¶á¤Ç¤¢¤ë¤³¤È¤ò°ÕÌ£¤·¤Þ¤¹¡£ ¤Þ¤¿¡¢FreeBSD ¤Ë¤ª¤±¤ë -BETA ¤ÏÄ̾ ¥ê¥ê¡¼¥¹Á°¤Î¥³¡¼¥É¥Õ¥ê¡¼¥º´ü´Ö¤ËÆþ¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤È¤¤¤¦°ÕÌ£¤Ë¤Ê¤ê¤Þ¤¹¡£

Ť¤Åú¤¨: FreeBSD ¤Ï¤½¤Î¥ê¥ê¡¼¥¹¤ò 2 ¥ö½ê¤¢¤ë¤¦¤Á¤Î °ìÊý¤«¤éÇÉÀ¸¤µ¤»¤Þ¤¹¡£3.0-RELEASE ¤ä 4.0-RELEASE ¤ÎÍÍ¤Ê (0 ¤Î¥Þ¥¤¥Ê¡¼ÈÖ¹æ¤ò»ý¤Ä) ¥á¥¸¥ã¡¼¥ê¥ê¡¼¥¹¤Ï¡¢°ìÈÌ¤Ë -CURRENT ¤È¸Æ¤Ð¤ì¤ë ³«È¯ÈǤÎή¤ì¤«¤éʬ´ô¤µ¤»¤é¤ì¤Æ¤Ç¤­¤Þ¤¹¡£3.1-RELEASE ¤ä 4.2-RELEASE ¤Ê¤É¤Î¥Þ¥¤¥Ê¡¼¥ê¥ê¡¼¥¹¤Ï¥¢¥¯¥Æ¥£¥Ö¤Ê -STABLE ¥Ö¥é¥ó¥Á (»Þ) ¤Î ¥¹¥Ê¥Ã¥×¥·¥ç¥Ã¥È¤Ç¤·¤¿¡£ 4.3-RELEASE ¤«¤é¤Ï¡¢¥ê¥ê¡¼¥¹Ëè¤Ë¥Ö¥é¥ó¥Á¤¬ºîÀ®¤µ¤ì¤ë¤è¤¦¤Ë ¤Ê¤ê¤Þ¤·¤¿¡£¤â¤Î¤¹¤´¤¯ÊݼéŪ¤Ê³«È¯Â®ÅÙ (¼ç¤Ë¥»¥­¥å¥ê¥Æ¥£ ´«¹ð¤Î¤ß) ¤òµá¤á¤Æ¤¤¤ë¿Í¤Ï¡¢¤³¤Î¥Ö¥é¥ó¥Á¤òÄÉÀפ¹¤ë¤È ¤è¤¤¤Ç¤·¤ç¤¦¡£

¥ê¥ê¡¼¥¹¤òºî¤ë»þ¤Ë¤Ê¤ë¤È¤½¤ì¤òʬ´ô¤µ¤»¤ë¥Ö¥é¥ó¥Á¤Ï ÆÃÄê¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤ØÆÍÆþ¤·¤Þ¤¹¡£¤½¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Î°ì¤Ä¤Ï ¥³¡¼¥É¥Õ¥ê¡¼¥º (¥³¡¼¥É¤ÎÅà·ë) ¤Ç¤¹¡£¥³¡¼¥É¥Õ¥ê¡¼¥º¤¬ »Ï¤Þ¤ë¤È¡¢¤½¤Î¥Ö¥é¥ó¥Á¤Î̾Á°¤¬¥ê¥ê¡¼¥¹¤Ë¤Ê¤í¤¦¤È¤·¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤³¤È¤ò È¿±Ç¤¹¤ë¤â¤Î¤ËÊѤ¨¤é¤ì¤Þ¤¹¡£¤¿¤È¤¨¤Ð¡¢4.0-STABLE ¤È ¸Æ¤Ð¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤¿¥Ö¥é¥ó¥Á¤Ï̾Á°¤¬ 4.1-BETA ¤Ø¤È ÊѤ¨¤é¤ì¡¢¥³¡¼¥É¥Õ¥ê¡¼¥º¤È¥ê¥ê¡¼¥¹Á°¤Î¥Æ¥¹¥È¤¬ »Ï¤Þ¤Ã¤¿¤³¤È¤ò¼¨¤·¤Þ¤¹¡£ ¥Ð¥°¤Î½¤Àµ¤Ï¥ê¥ê¡¼¥¹¤Î°ìÉô¤È¤·¤Æ¥³¥ß¥Ã¥È¤µ¤ì¤Þ¤¹¡£ ¥½¡¼¥¹¥³¡¼¥É¤¬¥ê¥ê¡¼¥¹¤Î·Á¤ò¼è¤Ã¤¿¤Ê¤é̾Á°¤¬ 4.1-RC ¤Ø¤È ÊѤ¨¤é¤ì¡¢¤½¤ì¤«¤é¥ê¥ê¡¼¥¹¤¬ºî¤é¤ì¤ë¤³¤È¤ò¼¨¤·¤Þ¤¹¡£ ¤Ò¤È¤¿¤Ó RC ¤Î¥¹¥Æ¡¼¥¸¤Ë¤Ê¤Ã¤Æ¤·¤Þ¤¦¤È¡¢È¯¸«¤µ¤ì¤¿ ¤â¤Ã¤È¤âÃ×̿Ū¤Ê¥Ð¥°¤Î½¤Àµ¤·¤«¤Ç¤­¤Ê¤¯¤Ê¤ê¤Þ¤¹¡£ ¤Ò¤È¤¿¤Ó¥ê¥ê¡¼¥¹¤¬ (¤³¤ÎÎã¤Ç¤Ï 4.1-RELEASE) ºî¤é¤ì¤ì¤Ð¡¢ ¤½¤Î¥Ö¥é¥ó¥Á¤Ï 4.1-STABLE ¤È²þ̾¤µ¤ì¤Þ¤¹¡£

7.39. ¿·¤·¤¤¥«¡¼¥Í¥ë¤òÆþ¤ì¤è¤¦¤È¤·¤¿¤Î¤Ç¤¹¤¬¡¢ chflags ¤Ë¼ºÇÔ¤·¤Þ¤¹¡£¤É¤¦¤¹¤ì¤ÐÎɤ¤¤Î¤Ç¤·¤ç¤¦?

´Êñ¤Ê²óÅú: ¿ʬ¡¢¥»¥­¥å¥¢¥ì¥Ù¥ë¤¬ 0 ¤è¤êÂ礭¤¯¤Ê¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤Î¤Ç¤·¤ç¤¦¡£ ľÀÜ¥·¥ó¥°¥ë¥æ¡¼¥¶¥â¡¼¥É¤ÇºÆµ¯Æ°¤·¤Æ¡¢ ¥«¡¼¥Í¥ë¤ò¥¤¥ó¥¹¥È¡¼¥ë¤·¤Æ¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤¡£

¾Ü¤·¤¤²óÅú: FreeBSD ¤Ç¤Ï¡¢¥»¥­¥å¥¢¥ì¥Ù¥ë¤¬ 0 ¤è¤êÂ礭¤¤¾ì¹ç¡¢ ¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¥Õ¥é¥°¤ÎÊѹ¹¤¬¶Ø»ß¤µ¤ì¤Þ¤¹¡£ ¸½ºß¤Î¥»¥­¥å¥¢¥ì¥Ù¥ë¤Ï¡¢¼¡¤Î¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤ò»È¤Ã¤ÆÄ´¤Ù¤ë¤³¤È¤¬¤Ç¤­¤Þ¤¹¡£

# sysctl kern.securelevel

¥»¥­¥å¥¢¥ì¥Ù¥ë¤ò²¼¤²¤ëÁàºî¤Ï¡¢¤Ç¤­¤Ê¤¤¤è¤¦¤Ë¤Ê¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹¡£ ¤½¤Î¤¿¤á¡¢¥«¡¼¥Í¥ë¤ò¥¤¥ó¥¹¥È¡¼¥ë¤¹¤ë¤Ë¤Ï¡¢ ¥·¥ó¥°¥ë¥æ¡¼¥¶¥â¡¼¥É¤Çµ¯Æ°¤¹¤ë¤«¡¢/etc/rc.conf ¤Î¥»¥­¥å¥ê¥Æ¥£ÀßÄê¤òÊѹ¹¤·¤ÆºÆµ¯Æ°¤¹¤ëɬÍפ¬¤¢¤ê¤Þ¤¹¡£ ¥»¥­¥å¥¢¥ì¥Ù¥ë¤Î¾ÜºÙ¤Ï init(8) ¤ò¡¢ rc.conf ¤Î¾ÜºÙ¤Ï /etc/defaults/rc.conf ¤ª¤è¤Ó¡¢ rc.conf(5) ¤Î¥Þ¥Ë¥å¥¢¥ë¥Ú¡¼¥¸¤ò¤´Í÷¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤¡£

7.40. ¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Î»þ¹ï¤ò 1 ÉðʾåÊѹ¹¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¤¬¤Ç¤­¤Ê¤¤¤Î¤Ç¤¹! ¤É¤¦¤¹¤ì¤ÐÎɤ¤¤Î¤Ç¤·¤ç¤¦?

´Êñ¤Ê²óÅú: ¿ʬ¡¢¥»¥­¥å¥¢¥ì¥Ù¥ë¤¬ 1 ¤è¤êÂ礭¤¯¤Ê¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤Î¤Ç¤·¤ç¤¦¡£ ľÀÜ¥·¥ó¥°¥ë¥æ¡¼¥¶¥â¡¼¥É¤ÇºÆµ¯Æ°¤·¤Æ¡¢ »þ¹ï¤ÎÊѹ¹¤ò¤·¤Æ¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤¡£

¾Ü¤·¤¤²óÅú: FreeBSD ¤Ç¤Ï¡¢¥»¥­¥å¥¢¥ì¥Ù¥ë¤¬ 1 ¤è¤êÂ礭¤¤¾ì¹ç¡¢ 1 Éðʾå¤Î»þ¹ïÊѹ¹¤¬¶Ø»ß¤µ¤ì¤Þ¤¹¡£ ¸½ºß¤Î¥»¥­¥å¥¢¥ì¥Ù¥ë¤Ï¡¢¼¡¤Î¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤ò»È¤Ã¤ÆÄ´¤Ù¤ë¤³¤È¤¬¤Ç¤­¤Þ¤¹¡£

# sysctl kern.securelevel

¥»¥­¥å¥¢¥ì¥Ù¥ë¤ò²¼¤²¤ëÁàºî¤Ï¡¢¤Ç¤­¤Ê¤¤¤è¤¦¤Ë¤Ê¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹¡£ ¤½¤Î¤¿¤á¡¢¥·¥¹¥Æ¥à¤Î»þ¹ï¤òÊѹ¹¤¹¤ë¤Ë¤Ï¡¢ ¥·¥ó¥°¥ë¥æ¡¼¥¶¥â¡¼¥É¤Çµ¯Æ°¤¹¤ë¤«¡¢/etc/rc.conf ¤Î¥»¥­¥å¥ê¥Æ¥£ÀßÄê¤òÊѹ¹¤·¤ÆºÆµ¯Æ°¤¹¤ëɬÍפФ¢¤ê¤Þ¤¹¡£ ¥»¥­¥å¥¢¥ì¥Ù¥ë¤Î¾ÜºÙ¤Ï init(8) ¤ò¡¢ rc.conf ¤Î¾ÜºÙ¤Ï /etc/defaults/rc.conf ¤ª¤è¤Ó¡¢ rc.conf(5) ¤Î¥Þ¥Ë¥å¥¢¥ë¥Ú¡¼¥¸¤ò¤´Í÷¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤¡£

7.41. rpc.statd(8) ¤Ë¥á¥â¥ê¥ê¡¼¥¯¤ò¸«¤Ä¤±¤Þ¤·¤¿! ¥á¥â¥ê¤ò 256 ¥á¥¬¥Ð¥¤¥È¤â»È¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹¡£

¤¤¤¤¤¨¡£¤½¤ì¤Ï¥á¥â¥ê¥ê¡¼¥¯¤Ç¤Ï¤¢¤ê¤Þ¤»¤ó¤·¡¢ 256 ¥á¥¬¥Ð¥¤¥È¤Î¥á¥â¥ê¤ò»È¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤ë¡¢¤È¤¤¤¦¤³¤È¤Ç¤â¤¢¤ê¤Þ¤»¤ó¡£ ¤ª¤½¤é¤¯ (¤Û¤È¤ó¤É¤Î¾ì¹ç)¡¢ ½èÍý¤ËÅԹ礬Îɤ¤¤è¤¦¤ËÈó¾ï¤Ë¤¿¤¯¤µ¤ó¤ÎÎ̤Υá¥â¥ê¤ò ¤½¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤Î¥¢¥É¥ì¥¹¶õ´Ö¤Ë¥Þ¥Ã¥Ô¥ó¥°¤·¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤Î¤Ç¤·¤ç¤¦¡£ µ»½ÑŪ¤Ê¸«ÃϤ«¤é¹Í¤¨¤Æ¤â¡¢¤³¤ì¤ÏÂ礭¤Ê³²¤¬¤¢¤ë¤³¤È¤Ç¤Ï¤Ê¤¯¡¢ ñ¤Ë top(1) ¤ä ps(1) ¤È¤¤¤Ã¤¿¥Ä¡¼¥ë¤Îɽ¼¨¤Ë±Æ¶Á¤¬¤¢¤ëÄøÅ٤Ǥ¹¡£

rpc.statd(8) ¤Ï¡¢(/var ¤Ë¤¢¤ë) ¥¹¥Æ¡¼¥¿¥¹¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤ò¼«Ê¬¤Î¥¢¥É¥ì¥¹¶õ´Ö¤Ë¥Þ¥Ã¥Ô¥ó¥°¤·¤Þ¤¹¡£ ¥Þ¥Ã¥Ô¥ó¥°¤Ï¡¢¸å¤ÇÂ礭¤Ê¶õ´Ö¤¬É¬Íפˤʤä¿»þ¤ËºÆ¥Þ¥Ã¥Ô¥ó¥°¤·¤Ê¤¤¤ÇºÑ¤à¤è¤¦¡¢ Èó¾ï¤ËÂ礭¤Ê¥µ¥¤¥º¤ò»ØÄꤷ¤Æ¹Ô¤Ê¤ï¤ì¤Þ¤¹¡£ ¤³¤ì¤Ï¡¢¥½¡¼¥¹¥³¡¼¥É¤Ë´Þ¤Þ¤ì¤ë mmap(2) ´Ø¿ô¤Î¥Þ¥Ã¥Ô¥ó¥°Ä¹¤ò¼¨¤¹°ú¿ô¤Ë 0x10000000 ¤¬»ØÄꤵ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤³¤È¤«¤é¤âʬ¤«¤ê¤Þ¤¹¡£ ¤³¤Î¿ô»ú¤¬ IA32 ¥¢¡¼¥­¥Æ¥¯¥Á¥ã¤Î»ý¤Ä¥¢¥É¥ì¥¹¥¹¥Ú¡¼¥¹Á´ÂΤΠ16 ʬ¤Î 1¡¢¤¹¤Ê¤ï¤Á¡¢¤Á¤ç¤¦¤É 256 ¥á¥¬¥Ð¥¤¥È¤ËÁêÅö¤¹¤ë¤Î¤Ç¤¹¡£

ËÜʸ½ñ¡¢¤ª¤è¤Ó¾¤Îʸ½ñ¤Ï ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/doc/ ¤«¤é¥À¥¦¥ó¥í¡¼¥É¤Ç¤­¤Þ¤¹¡£

FreeBSD ¤Ë´Ø¤¹¤ë¼ÁÌ䤬¤¢¤ë¾ì¹ç¤Ë¤Ï¡¢¥É¥­¥å¥á¥ó¥È ¤òÆÉ¤ó¤À¾å¤Ç <questions@FreeBSD.org> ¤Þ¤Ç (±Ñ¸ì¤Ç) Ï¢Íí¤·¤Æ¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤¡£
ËÜʸ½ñ¤Ë´Ø¤¹¤ë¼ÁÌä¤Ë¤Ä¤¤¤Æ¤Ï¡¢<doc@FreeBSD.org> ¤Þ¤ÇÅŻҥ᡼¥ë¤ò (±Ñ¸ì¤Ç) Á÷¤Ã¤Æ¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤¡£