¦b UNIX® ªºÀô¹Ò¤§¤¤´£¨Ñ¤F¦U¦¡¤£¦Pªº«ü¥OºÞ²z¨Ï¥ÎªÌ±b¸¹¡A ¥H¤U¬°¸û±`¨Ï¥Îªº«ü¥OºKn¤Î§ó¸Ô²Óªº¨Ï¥Î½d¨Ò¡C
«ü¥O | ºKn |
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adduser(8) | ·s¼W¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¡C |
rmuser(8) | ²¾°£¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¡C |
chpass(1) | §ó§ï¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¸ê®Æ¡C |
passwd(1) | §ó§ï¨Ï¥ÎªÌ±K½X¡C |
pw(8) | ×§ï¨Ï¥ÎªÌªº¦UºØ¸ê®Æ¡C |
adduser(8) ¬O¤@¤ä·s¼W¨Ï¥ÎªÌªºÂ²³æµ{¦¡¡C ¥¦·|«Ø¥ß¸ê®Æ©ó¨t²Îªº passwd »P group Àɮפ§¤¤¡C ¦P®É¤]·|«Ø¥ß¨Ï¥ÎªÌªº®a¥Ø¿ý¡A±q /usr/share/skel ½Æ»s¹w³]ªº²ÕºAÀÉ(¡§dotfiles¡¨)¡A ¨Ã¥i¥H¿ï¾Ü©Êªº¶l¥ó³qª¾·s¨Ï¥ÎªÌÅwªï°T®§¡C
Example 13-1. ¦b FreeBSD ¤º·s¼W¨Ï¥ÎªÌ
# adduser Username: jru Full name: J. Random User Uid (Leave empty for default): Login group [jru]: Login group is jru. Invite jru into other groups? []: wheel Login class [default]: Shell (sh csh tcsh zsh nologin) [sh]: zsh Home directory [/home/jru]: Use password-based authentication? [yes]: Use an empty password? (yes/no) [no]: Use a random password? (yes/no) [no]: Enter password: Enter password again: Lock out the account after creation? [no]: Username : jru Password : **** Full Name : J. Random User Uid : 1001 Class : Groups : jru wheel Home : /home/jru Shell : /usr/local/bin/zsh Locked : no OK? (yes/no): yes adduser: INFO: Successfully added (jru) to the user database. Add another user? (yes/no): no Goodbye! #
Note: ±z¿é¤Jªº±K½X¨Ã¤£·|¦^À³¨ì¿Ã¹õ¡A©Ò¥H¤£·|¥H¬P¸¹Åã¥Ü ¡C ½Ð½T©w±z©Ò¿é¤Jªº±K½XµL»~¡C
±z¥i¥H¨Ï¥Î rmuser(8) ¨Ó±N¨Ï¥ÎªÌ±q¨t²Î¤§¤¤§¹¥þ²¾°£ rmuser(8) ·|°õ¦æ¥H¤U°Ê§@:
²¾°£¸Ó¨Ï¥ÎªÌªº crontab(1) ¸ê®Æ (¦pªG¦s¦b)¡C
²¾°£©Ò¦³ÄÝ©ó¸Ó¨Ï¥ÎªÌªº at(1) ¤u§@¡C
¤¤¤î©Ò¦³¸Ó¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¾Ö¦³ªºµ{§Ç¡C
²¾°£¨t²Î¥»¾÷±K½XÀɤ¤¸Ó¨Ï¥ÎªÌªº¸ê®Æ¡C
²¾°£¸Ó¨Ï¥ÎªÌªº®a¥Ø¿ý (¦pªG¬°¸Ó¨Ï¥ÎªÌ©Ò¦³)¡C
²¾°£ /var/mail ¤¤ÄÝ©ó¸Ó¨Ï¥ÎªÌªº¶l¥ó¡C
²¾°£¼È¦sªÅ¶¡ (¦p: /tmp) ¤¤©Ò¦³ÄÝ©ó¸Ó¨Ï¥ÎªÌªºÀɮסC
³Ì«á¡A¦b /etc/group Àɤº²¾°£¸Ó¨Ï¥ÎªÌ±b¸¹¡C
Note: Y¸Ó¸s²Õ¤wµL¦¨û¡A©ÎªÌ¬O¸s²Õ¦WºÙ»P¸Ó¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¦WºÙ¬Û¦P®É¡A «h¸s²Õ±N·|³Q²¾°£¡F ¦¹¾Þ§@·|»P adduser(8) ©Ò«Ø¥ßªº±b¸¹¸s²Õ¬Û¹ïÀ³¡C
rmuser(8) µLªk²¾°£¨t²ÎºÞ²zªÌ±b¸¹±b¸¹¡A ¦]¬°³o§Y¥NªíÄY«ªº¯}Ãa¦æ¬°¡C
¬°¤F½T»{±zªº¾Þ§@¡A¹w³]±Ä¤¬°Ê¼Ò¦¡¡C
Example 13-2. rmuser ±b¸¹²¾°£
# rmuser jru Matching password entry: jru:*:1001:1001::0:0:J. Random User:/home/jru:/usr/local/bin/zsh Is this the entry you wish to remove? y Remove user's home directory (/home/jru)? y Updating password file, updating databases, done. Updating group file: trusted (removing group jru -- personal group is empty) done. Removing user's incoming mail file /var/mail/jru: done. Removing files belonging to jru from /tmp: done. Removing files belonging to jru from /var/tmp: done. Removing files belonging to jru from /var/tmp/vi.recover: done. #
chpass(1) ¥i§ó§ï¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¸ê®Æ¦p: ±K½X¡BShell¤ÎÓ¤H¸ê°T¡C
¶È¨t²ÎºÞ²zªÌ§Y¨t²ÎºÞ²zªÌ±b¸¹¥i§Q¥Î chpass(1) §ó§ï¨ä¥L¨Ï¥ÎªÌªº¸ê°T¤Î±K½X
°£¤F«ü©w¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¦WºÙ¡A·í¤£¥[°Ñ¼Æ®É¡Achpass(1) ·|±N¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¸ê°TÅã¥Ü©ó½s¿è¾¹·í¤¤¡C ¨Ã©ó¨Ï¥ÎªÌÂ÷¶}½s¿è¾¹®É§ó·s¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¸ê°T¡C
Note: Y±z¨Ã«D¨t²ÎºÞ²zªÌ±b¸¹¡A¦bÂ÷¶}½s¿è¾¹«e·|¸ß°Ý±zªº±K½X¡C
Example 13-3. ¨t²ÎºÞ²zªÌ±b¸¹ chpass
#Changing user database information for jru. Login: jru Password: * Uid [#]: 1001 Gid [# or name]: 1001 Change [month day year]: Expire [month day year]: Class: Home directory: /home/jru Shell: /usr/local/bin/zsh Full Name: J. Random User Office Location: Office Phone: Home Phone: Other information:
¤@¯ë¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¶È¥i§ó§ï¦Û¤vªº¤Ö³¡¥÷¸ê°T¡C
Example 13-4. ¤@¯ë¨Ï¥ÎªÌ chpass
#Changing user database information for jru. Shell: /usr/local/bin/zsh Full Name: J. Random User Office Location: Office Phone: Home Phone: Other information:
Note: chfn(1) »P chsh(1) §Y¬° chpass(1)¡A¤]¦P ypchpass(1)¡Bypchfn(1) »P ypchsh(1)¡C NIS ¤ä´©¬O¦Û°Êªº¡A©Ò¥HµL»Ý¦b«ü¥O«e¥[¤W yp¡C Y³o·|§xÂZ±z¡A½Ð¤£¥²¾á¤ß¡AChapter 27 ±N¨ç»\ NIS ªº³¡¥÷ªº»¡©ú¡C
passwd(1) ¬O§ó§ï±K½X±`¥Îªº¤è¦¡¡A°£¤F¶W¯ÅºÞ²zªÌ¥i§ó§ï¨ä¥L¨Ï¥ÎªÌªº±K½X¥~ ¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¶È¯à§ó§ï¦Û¤vªº±K½X¡C
Note: ¬°¤FÁ×§K·N¥~©Î¥¼¸g¦P·Nªº×§ï¡A¦b§ó·s±K½X«e»Ý¿é¤Jì±K½X¡C
Example 13-5. §ó§ï±zªº±K½X
% passwd Changing local password for jru. Old password: New password: Retype new password: passwd: updating the database... passwd: done
Example 13-6. ¥H¨t²ÎºÞ²zªÌ±b¸¹¥h§ó§ï¨ä¥L¨Ï¥ÎªÌªº±K½X
# passwd jru Changing local password for jru. New password: Retype new password: passwd: updating the database... passwd: done
Note: chpass(1)¡B yppasswd(1) §Y¬° passwd(1)¡A¬Ò¤ä´© NIS¡C
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